ADHD Comorbidity Findings From the MTA Study: Comparing Comorbid Subgroups

Jensen, Peter S.; Hinshaw, Stephen P.; Kraemer, Helena C.; Lenora, Nilantha; Newcorn, Jeffrey H.; Abikoff, Howard; March, John S.; Arnold, L. Eugene; Cantwell, Dennis P.; Conners, C. Keith; Elliott, Glen R.; Greenhill, Laurence L.; Hechtman, Lily; Hoza, Betsy; Pelham, William E.; Severe, Joanne B.; Swanson, James M.; Wells, Karen C.; Wigal, Timothy; Vitiello, Benedetto

doi:10.1097/00004583-200102000-00009

Cited by 853 publications

(586 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…6 Regarding CD, which is notable for its high rate of comorbidity with ADHD, severe psychopathology and more serious prognosis, 12 family studies and treatment studies support the hypothesis that ADHD comorbid with CD constitutes a nosologically distinct subform within ADHD. 13,14 However, we could not extract clinical characteristics related to ODD or CD in our sample because their number was small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidity in attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder

Ishii

Takahashi

Kawamura

et al. 2003

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been noted for its high rate of comorbidity. The present study is the first report in Japan evaluating the proportion of comorbidity in ADHD cases presenting in the clinical setting, aiming at clarifying the picture of ADHD in Japan. The subjects consisted of 68 child and adolescent cases meeting criteria for ADHD ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , 4th edn) under treatment at a child psychiatry clinic (IQ > 50, mental age ≥ 4 years old). Disorders evaluated as comorbid disorders were mood disorders, anxiety disorders, elimination disorders, sleep disorders, tic disorders, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), school refusal, and epilepsy. Comorbidity with mood disorders, anxiety disorders, ODD, and CD, were found to be lower than the high rates conventionally reported in North America. The lower age of the present subjects, primarily in infancy and elementary school age with few adolescent cases, and a bias towards milder cases from an outpatient clinic without inpatient facilities are believed to be factors accounting for this disparity. Furthermore, it was a notable fact that mentally delayed cases (IQ: 51-84) amounted to 34% of the cases, indicating the necessity to consider intelligence level when formulating a treatment strategy for ADHD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidity in attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder

Ishii

Takahashi

Kawamura

et al. 2003

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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“…The co-occurrence of attention problems and depression is well-documented (Angold, Costello, & Erkanli, 1999;Jensen, Shervette, Xenakis, & Richters, 1993;Jensen et al, 2001) although little is known about mechanisms underlying their association. The timing of symptom onset may offer a clue to how these conditions are related-severe inattention is generally viewed as a problem of early neurodevelopment that emerges prior to symptoms of depression (American Psychiatric Association, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Academic Pathways between Attention Problems and Depressive Symptoms Among Urban African American Children

Herman

Lambert

Ialongo

et al. 2007

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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The present study investigated the pathways between attention problems and depressive symptoms, particularly the role of academic incompetence, among a community sample of urban African American children. Results supported the hypothesized path models from inattention to depressive symptoms for girls and boys. Academic performance in the spring of first grade mediated the relationship between inattention in fall of first grade and depressive symptoms in spring of 3rd grade. The effects held when controlling for conduct problems and academic competence in first grade suggesting the path was specific to attention problems rather than a more general externalizing or school readiness pathway. Implications for designing interventions and prevention strategies for children with attention problems and depressive symptoms are discussed.

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“…The other speculation about the correlation of self-reported attention deficit and social anxiety symptoms in our sample may be the comorbidity of social anxiety disorder and ADHD/Inattentive type. It is shown that adult ADHD has a high risk of comorbidity with anxiety disorders (21,22) and there is evidence that ADHD/anxiety disorder comorbidity predominantly presents with inattentiveness symptoms (25,26). Notably, a small number of clinical studies have found a link between social anxiety disorder and ADHD (27)(28)(29) and a recent study in children found that inattentive type of ADHD presents with difficulties of social assertiveness (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%