ADHD in the DSM-5-TR: What has changed and what has not

Koutsoklenis, Athanasios; Honkasilta, Juho

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1064141

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The existing diagnostic criteria for ADHD, rooted in subjective reports and clinical presentations, demonstrate high sensitivity, making it challenging to discern definitive pathology from ordinary variations [24]. In recent studies, researchers suggested that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria lead to over-diagnosis, with lower clinical thresholds than the previous DSM criteria [25].…”

Section: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis Of Adhd And Narcolepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Intersection of Narcolepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Similarities, Differences, and Clinical Implications

Yoon,

Kim,

Seo

et al. 2024

Sleep Med Res

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Narcolepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are distinct neurobiological conditions characterized by overlapping symptoms, including excessive daytime sleepiness and cognitive dysfunction. Despite their differences in etiology and pathophysiology, recent studies have highlighted a potential association between the two disorders, with a significant prevalence of ADHD symptoms observed in narcolepsy patients. This narrative review explores the similarities and differences between narcolepsy and ADHD, focusing on their shared symptomatology, neurobiological mechanisms, challenges in diagnosis, and treatment implications. While both disorders exhibit disruptions in dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmitter systems, differential diagnosis remains challenging due to overlapping clinical presentations. Polysomnography findings, such as appearance of sleep onset rapid eye movements in narcolepsy patients, provide important distinctions that enable accurate diagnosis. Treatment strategies often involve stimulant medications for symptom management; however, nonpharmacological interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, have been shown to have the potential to improve patient outcomes. Clinicians must consider the possibility of coexisting narcolepsy in ADHD patients and vice versa to ensure appropriate treatment selection and optimal patient care. Further research is needed to refine diagnostic criteria, elucidate the complex interplay between the two disorders, and develop personalized therapeutic approaches. A multidisciplinary approach involving sleep specialists, neurologists, psychiatrists, and psychologists is essential to address the diverse biopsychosocial needs of patients with concurrent narcolepsy and ADHD.

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Section: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis Of Adhd And Narcolepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Intersection of Narcolepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Similarities, Differences, and Clinical Implications

Yoon,

Kim,

Seo

et al. 2024

Sleep Med Res

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“…Some experts do feel the change in diagnostic criteria did not have a sound scientific base [16]. The concern was not just about influence from the pharma lobby, but from parents who felt their children had ADHD and needed easier access to medication [17]. Not every child with attentional difficulty has ADHD.…”

Section: Classification and Diagnosis In Psychiatry: Insights Into Po...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The pharmaceutical company–healthcare relationship: much ado about something

Simon Kurpad

2024

IJME

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“…The diagnostic criteria for ADHD in the DSM-5-TR remained identical to those in the previous edition. Koutsoklenis and Honkasilta [7] make a critique of these criteria, concluding that they are ambiguous, redundant, and arbitrary, reinforcing normality and inadequate attention to context.…”

Section: Of 14mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function in Preschool (BRIEF-P) and Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Floor and Ceiling Effects

Bausela-Herreras,

Alonso-Esteban,

Alcantud-Marín

2023

Children

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Background. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is accompanied by executive challenges. Objectives. To obtain evidence of the usefulness of the BRIEF-P and to analyze the possible ceiling and floor effect of its scores in the assessment of executive function in preschoolers with signs compatible with a possible diagnosis of ADHD. Method. A search was performed in Science Direct, NCBI (PubMed), and ProQuest Education Journals during the period 2012–2022. We included studies that evaluated samples of individuals with symptomatology compatible with ADHD, with an age range between 2 and 6 years, published in English or Spanish. Of a total of 2538 articles, only seven met the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 questionnaire. The main variables were age and executive functioning. Conclusions. Executive deficits in early-age individuals with symptoms compatible with ADHD are more extensive than just deficits in working memory. A floor effect has been found in tests associated with hot executive functions and a ceiling effect in cold executive functions. This makes it necessary to use different tests to assess executive performance in preschoolers with ADHD-compatible symptomatology and to design intervention proposals accordingly. The BRIEF-P is an instrument that facilitates obtaining a sensitive and discriminative executive profile, although it should be used in combination with other neuropsychological performance tests.

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ADHD in the DSM-5-TR: What has changed and what has not

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Exploring the Intersection of Narcolepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Similarities, Differences, and Clinical Implications

Exploring the Intersection of Narcolepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Similarities, Differences, and Clinical Implications

The pharmaceutical company–healthcare relationship: much ado about something

Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function in Preschool (BRIEF-P) and Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Floor and Ceiling Effects

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