ADHD symptoms in healthy adults are associated with stressful life events and negative memory bias

Vrijsen, Janna N.; Tendolkar, Indira; Onnink, A. Marten H.; Hoogman, Martine; Schene, Aart H.; Fernández, Guillén; Oostrom, Iris van; Franke, Barbara

doi:10.1007/s12402-017-0241-x

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally, in addition to these abnormalities in SWA, our results provide novel evidence of hyperactivity-like behavioral pathology as a direct result of developmental trauma, a behavior considered by some to be a symptom of ADHD 67 , especially when not expressed in a novel environment and limited to the home cage 68 . Future research should assess whether the sleep abnormalities identified here may be viable biomarkers, or even therapeutic targets, for ADHD-like behavioral pathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Early Life Trauma Has Lifelong Consequences for Sleep And Behavior

Lewin

Lopachin

Delorme

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sleep quality varies widely across individuals, especially during normal aging, with impaired sleep contributing to deficits in cognition and emotional regulation. Sleep can also be impacted by a variety of adverse events, including childhood adversity. Here we examined how early life adverse events impacted later life sleep structure and physiology using an animal model to test the relationship between early life adversity and sleep quality across the life span. Rat pups were exposed to an Adversity-Scarcity model from postnatal day 8–12, where insufficient bedding for nest building induces maternal maltreatment of pups. Polysomnography and sleep physiology were assessed in weaning, early adult and older adults. Early life adversity induced age-dependent disruptions in sleep and behavior, including lifelong spindle decreases and later life NREM sleep fragmentation. Given the importance of sleep in cognitive and emotional functions, these results highlight an important factor driving variation in sleep, cognition and emotion throughout the lifespan that suggest age-appropriate and trauma informed treatment of sleep problems.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Early Life Trauma Has Lifelong Consequences for Sleep And Behavior

Lewin

Lopachin

Delorme

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, stressful life events, stress at work and home, alcohol dependence, and impulsivity explained 11%–13% of the relation between ADHD symptoms and problem gambling. Individuals with ADHD are more likely to be stressed, to experience stressful life events, and to display memory biases ( Vrijsen et al., 2017 ). Regarding problem gambling, several sources of stress (i.e., family problems, relationship difficulties, or financial worries) have been found to favor the risk of developing this addiction and to even play a role in the decision-making process ( Biback & Zack, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study included several mediating variables [marital status ( Botterill et al., 2016 ; Harpin, 2005 ), employment ( Feigelman et al., 1995 ; Harpin, 2005 ), smoking status ( McClernon & Kollins, 2008 ; Petry & Oncken, 2002 ), alcohol dependence ( del Pino-Gutiérrez et al., 2017 ; Wilens, 2004 ), drug use ( Wareham & Potenza, 2010 ; Wilens, 2004 ), IQ ( Biederman et al., 2012 ; Rai et al., 2014 ), common mental disorders (CMDs; depressive episode and/or anxiety disorders) ( Becker et al., 2015 ; Clarke, 2006 ; Davidsson et al., 2017 ), BPD traits ( Matthies & Philipsen, 2014 ; Oliva et al., 2017 ), perceived stress and the number of stressful life events ( Biback & Zack, 2015 ; Vrijsen et al., 2017 ), and impulsivity ( Hodgins & Holub, 2015 ; Miller et al., 2010 )], which may be associated with or be the consequence of ADHD, and also be the cause of gambling problems. Sociodemographic variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there has been some literature showing that ADHD is strongly associated with mental disorders and BPD ( Becker, Langberg, Evans, Girio-Herrera, & Vaughn, 2015 ; Davidsson et al., 2017 ; Matthies & Philipsen, 2014 ), while some authors have suggested that these disorders might be key players in the subsequent onset of gambling addiction ( Clarke, 2006 ; Oliva et al., 2017 ). Finally, stressful life events and stress are frequently found in people with ADHD ( Vrijsen et al., 2017 ), and they are often considered as strong motivations for gambling ( Biback & Zack, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and problem gambling: A mediation analysis of influential factors among 7,403 individuals from the UK

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aimsOur goal was to examine the association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and gambling problems, and to identify potential mediating factors of this association.MethodsThis study used cross-sectional, community-based data from 7,403 people aged ≥16 years who participated in the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Screener. Problem gambling was assessed using a questionnaire based on the 10 DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling. Respondents were classified as having no problem, at-risk, or problem gambling. Logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted to analyze the association between ADHD symptoms (i.e., ASRS score ≥14) and problem gambling and the role of several variables in this association.ResultsThe prevalence of at-risk (5.3% vs. 2.4%) and problem gambling (2.4% vs. 0.6%) was higher in individuals with ADHD symptoms than in those without ADHD symptoms. ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with both at-risk (OR = 2.15; 95% CI = 1.22–3.79) and problem gambling (OR = 3.57; 95% CI = 1.53–8.31) when adjusted for age, sex, and ethnicity. Common mental disorders (CMDs; i.e., depression and anxiety disorders) (mediated percentage = 22.4%), borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits (22.1%), stressful life events (13.2%), stress at work or home (12.6%), alcohol dependence (11.8%), and impulsivity (11.2%) were significant mediators in the ADHD–gambling association.Discussion and conclusionsOverall, ADHD symptoms were positively associated with problem gambling. CMDs, BPD traits, and stressful life events were important mediators in this relationship.

show abstract

“…Studies on adopted children indicated a link between early deprivation and ADHD symptoms (Roskam et al, 2014 ), and numbers of SLEs have been associated with ADHD symptoms in childhood with small to moderate effect sizes (Humphreys et al, 2019 ). For healthy adults, we also found SLEs to be positively correlated with ADHD scores (Vrijsen et al, 2018 ), and childhood trauma (emotional and/or physical neglect, physical and/or sexual abuse) have been associated with increased risk of ADHD symptom (Capusan et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Mapping relationships between ADHD genetic liability, stressful life events, and ADHD symptoms in healthy adults

Franke

Arias-Vásquez

et al. 2020

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are continuously distributed in the general population, where both genetic and environmental factors play roles. Stressful life events (SLEs) have been associated with ADHD diagnosis, but the relationship between ADHD genetic liability, SLEs, and ADHD symptoms in healthy individuals is less clear. Using a sample of 1,531 healthy adults (average age 26.9 years; 55.8% female), we investigated relationships between ADHD polygenic risk scores (ADHD‐PRSs), SLEs, and ADHD symptoms in a general population sample. Confirming earlier findings in an overlapping sample, all SLE‐measures assessed (lifetime SLEs, recent SLEs, and childhood trauma (CT)) were significantly correlated with total ADHD, inattention (IA), and hyperactivity‐impulsivity (HI) scores (r2 range = .08–.15; all p < .005). ADHD‐PRSs was associated with HI (R2best‐fit = .37%), lifetime SLEs (R2best‐fit = .56%), and CT (R2best‐fit = .40%). Mediation analyses showed that lifetime SLEs partially mediated the association between ADHD‐PRSs and HI (indirect effect: β = 68.6, bias corrected accelerated 95% confident interval (BCa95%CI) [11.9, 131.0], p = .016, proportion mediated (PM) =19.5%), with strongest effects contributed by CT (β = 34.4, BCa95%CI [0.4, 76.5], p = .040, PM = 9.8%). On the other hand, HI partially mediated the association between the ADHD‐PRSs and lifetime SLEs (β = 42.9, BCa95%CI [7.3, 83.9], p = .014, PM = 18.8%). Our study observed a complex relationship of genetic and environmental risk factors contributing to ADHD symptoms in the healthy adult population.

show abstract

ADHD symptoms in healthy adults are associated with stressful life events and negative memory bias

Cited by 21 publications

References 68 publications

Early Life Trauma Has Lifelong Consequences for Sleep And Behavior

Early Life Trauma Has Lifelong Consequences for Sleep And Behavior

Relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and problem gambling: A mediation analysis of influential factors among 7,403 individuals from the UK

Mapping relationships between ADHD genetic liability, stressful life events, and ADHD symptoms in healthy adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About