Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression: Analysis of three periods between 2011 and 2017 at an HIV-AIDS center, Brazil

Meiners, Micheline Marie Milward de Azevedo; Cruz, Igor Araújo; Toledo, Maria Inês de

doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1122018

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…To achieve this goal, medication adherence is mandatory. A benchmark of near-perfect adherence (≥ 95%) to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is often cited as necessary for HIV viral suppression [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent’s and youth’s adherence to antiretroviral therapy for better treatment outcome and its determinants: multi-center study in public health facilities

Zurbachew,

Hiko,

Bacha

et al. 2023

AIDS Res Ther

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Background Low-adherence to Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) negatively affects the clinical, immunological, and virologic outcomes of patients. Adherence is the most important factor in determining Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) treatment success and long-term viral suppression which ultimately reduces morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study aimed to identify factors affecting adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents and youth living with HIV. Methods Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 21 to April 30, 2020 among 316 respondents in selected five high-loaded hospitals with adolescent and youth clients using systematic random sampling technique. Patients’ adherence was assessed when they had reportedly taken 95% or higher of their prescribed antiretroviral drugs in the five days before the interview. Data were collected, entered into EPI Data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to see the association between dependent and independent variables. Results In this study, 316 respondents participated in the study, with a 99.7% response rate. The mean age of respondents were 17.94 years and majority of them (58.5%) were females. The overall ART adherence among adolescents and youths was found to be 70.6%. Being female (AOR = 0.323, 95% CI, 0.164–0.637), presence of opportunistic infection (AOR = 0.483, 95% CI, 0.249–0.936), taking additional medication beside ART (AOR = 0.436, 95% CI, 0.206–0.922) and availability of youth friendly services within the facility (AOR = 2.206, 95% CI, 1.031–4.721) were found to be predictors. Conclusion The adherence rate in this study was low which is below the recommended adherence level. Being female, taking additional medication beside ART and presence of opportunistic infection were determinants of adherence. As a result, significant work must be done on opportunistic infection prevention through health education and promotion for screening and risk reduction. Similarly, adolescents and youths service integration with the ART Clinic is strongly advised.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent’s and youth’s adherence to antiretroviral therapy for better treatment outcome and its determinants: multi-center study in public health facilities

Zurbachew,

Hiko,

Bacha

et al. 2023

AIDS Res Ther

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AIDS mortality in Brazil, 2012–2022: a time series study

Luna,

Nascimento,

Oliveira

et al. 2024

AIDS Res Ther

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Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a health problem in Brazil and worldwide. Without treatment, the infection can progress to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), with a high mortality potential. The objective of this study was to analyze the time trend of AIDS mortality in Brazil, macro-regions, federal units and their respective capitals, from 2012 to 2022. Methods This is a time-series study of all AIDS deaths in Brazil from 2012 to 2022. The study included the annual number of deaths and the crude and standardized mortality rates. The Joinpoint regression model was used for the time analysis of the standardized rates. Annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated. A 95% confidence interval (CI) and a 5% significance level were used. Results During the period analyzed, 128,678 AIDS deaths were recorded in Brazil, with a crude mortality rate of 6.3/100,000 and a standardized mortality rate of 5.3/100,000. From 2012 to 2020, three regions showed a declining trend in AIDS mortality: Central-West (AAPC − 2.3%; 95%CI -4.3 to -0.21; p = 0.03), Southeast (AAPC − 5.6%; 95%CI -6.8 to -4.0; p < 0.001), and South (AAPC − 4.4%; 95%CI -5.27 to -3.6; p < 0.001). There was also a downward trend in 10 states and 10 capitals. There was an increase in the number of deaths from 2020 onwards in the North, Northeast and Southeast regions compared to 2019. Conclusion There was a downward trend in AIDS mortality from 2012 to 2020 and an upward trend from 2020 to 2022. The regional differences observed could reflect the social disparities that exist in Brazil. In addition, the Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the process of dealing with HIV in Brazil.

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Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and Associated Factors Among Hiv Patients Aged 10--15: A Cross-Sectional Study at Five Hospitals in Vietnam

Pham,

Tran,

Pham

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Introduction: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) plays an important role in treatment efficiency. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescents face many challenges in terms of their adherence to HIV treatment. Objectives: (1) To evaluate the ART adherence rate among HIV-infected adolescents aged 10--15 years at five hospitals in Vietnam and (2) to investigate the factors associated with ART adherence. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 618 HIV patients aged 10--15 years receiving ARV treatment at five hospitals from May 2020 to October 2021. Data were collected through quarterly structured interviews and periodic medical record reviews. Adherence to the ART was assessed following the WHO classification. Adherence is defined as good if it is ≥95%, as documented by the ART healthcare provider. Results: The overall adherence rate was low (62.4%), and the most common reason for nonadherence was a lack of drugs at the check-up. A waiting time for ARV treatment of less than 1 month after diagnosis [OR=1.85; 95% CI (1.15–2.94)]; [OR=2.38; 95% CI (1.31–4.35)], and patients whose caregiver demonstrated occasional fatigue [OR=1.59 (1.04–2.44)] were significantly associated with ART nonadherence. Conclusion: Increased efforts should be dedicated to psychological preparation, pre-ARV counseling for patients, and support their families and caregivers to improve adherence to treatment.

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Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression: Analysis of three periods between 2011 and 2017 at an HIV-AIDS center, Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Adolescent’s and youth’s adherence to antiretroviral therapy for better treatment outcome and its determinants: multi-center study in public health facilities

Adolescent’s and youth’s adherence to antiretroviral therapy for better treatment outcome and its determinants: multi-center study in public health facilities

AIDS mortality in Brazil, 2012–2022: a time series study

Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and Associated Factors Among Hiv Patients Aged 10--15: A Cross-Sectional Study at Five Hospitals in Vietnam

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