Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Association with Serum Inflammatory Factors Stress Oxidative and Appetite in COVID-19 Patients

Mohajeri, Mahsa; Mohajery, Reza; Cicero, Arrigo F G

doi:10.3390/medicina59020227

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A flow chart of selection process and exclusion reasons is provided below (Fig 1). The study by Mohajeri et al [19] appear to meet the inclusion criteria, but were excluded, as the outcome of COVID-19, COVID-19 symptoms, or COVID-19 severity were not reported. The study only reported outcome of inflammatory biomarkers.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Mediterranean diet as a nutritional strategy in diminishing COVID-19 risk: A systematic review

Halim,

Howen,

Fitrisubroto

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Mediterranean Diet has been reported to possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties are closely associated with the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19. Objective: The present systematic review aimed to determine the association between Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19, COVID-19 symptoms, and COVID-19 severity. Methods: The protocol for this systematic review was registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with identification number CRD42023451794. The literature search was conducted through Pubmed, Proquest, and Google Scholar on August 2023. The inclusion criteria were studies with a population of human subjects, reported the association between Mediterranean diet adherence with risk of COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 symptoms, or COVID-19 severity, and full text must be available in English. The exclusion criteria were reviews, editorials, letters, replies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, studies on animals, and duplicates. Risk of bias in included studies was assessed using Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data was synthesized narratively. Each study was compared and a structured summary was developed. Results: After selection process, 6 articles were included, with a sample size of 55,489 patients. All studies were observational studies and assessed Mediterranean diet adherence using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), with scoring system varied between each study. Four studies found a significant correlation between increased adherence to Mediterranean Diet and reduced COVID-19 risk, while one study indicated non-significant association. One study reported a significant association between higher adherence to Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19 symptoms, but three studies reported non-significant association. One study found that individuals with higher adherence to Mediterranean Diet had reduced likelihood of developing severe COVID-19, however, two studies yielded inconclusive findings. Limitations: All studies used self-administrated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), which were prone to biased responses, such as recall and estimation bias. Discussion: Lower trends of odds ratios (ORs) were consistently observed in higher Mediterranean diet adherence. In every outcome of the included studies, ORs ranged between 0.06-0.992, however, differing levels of significance were reported in each outcome. Conclusion: Overall analyses suggest that high adherence to Mediterranean Diet is a protective factor against COVID-19, with unclear benefits against COVID-19 symptoms and severity. Primary Funding Source: The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.

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Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Mediterranean diet as a nutritional strategy in diminishing COVID-19 risk: A systematic review

Halim,

Howen,

Fitrisubroto

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…immune system are changes to the gut-associated lymphoid tissues arising from altered gut microflora, in response to dietary fiber, and a reduction in serum inflammatory factor levels likely due to the phenolic compounds. A very recent study, conducted among unvaccinated COVID-19 patients, aged 30 years old in Iranian hospitals, has shown that a more frequent adherence to the MD, scored by the MEDAS questionnaire, has a significant negative relationship with the symptoms of COVID-19 and serum inflammatory markers(37).…”

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confidence: 99%

Components of the mediterranean dietary pattern and COVID-19 symptoms

Costa,

Anjos,

Rodrigues

et al. 2023

Acta Port Nutr

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INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has affected millions of lives globally. Despite the favourable impact of Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on cardiometabolic disorders that predispose themselves to COVID-19 infection, it is important to know the dietary components with potential to improve disease-related outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and its components with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study with a sample of adults recovered from COVID-19 infection, residents of Funchal and unvaccinated. Data on sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, presence of chronic diseases, and intake of supplements food, self-perceived health status, COVID-19 symptoms and dietary consumption was collected using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview method. Mediterranean Dietary Pattern adherence was obtained from the MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Score) questionnaire. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse the severity of COVID-19 symptoms and different metrics. RESULTS: A total of 541 adults were included in the study, 60.0% were female and 53.9% were 40-59 years old. Data show that 15.7% of the participants were asymptomatic for COVID-19 infection and 26.9% had severe symptoms. A strong adherence to Mediterranean Dietary Pattern was found in 14.8% of the participants, and it was significantly higher among the asymptomatic participants than those who reported mild or severe symptoms. A low ingestion of red/ processed meats, fats (butter/cream/margarine), commercial pastry and carbonated/ sugar-sweetened drinks, as well as consumption of poultry more than red meat, was associated with less severe COVID-19 symptoms, after adjustment for sex, age and education level. Participants who reported an adequate consumption of olive oil (OR=0.47; 95% CI: 0.25-0.88) and vegetables (OR=0.57; 95% CI: 0.35-0.94) were less likely to experience any symptoms of disease. Nevertheless, results were not consistent when several items, associated in bivariate analysis and in unadjusted logistic regression models, were taken into consideration. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to Mediterranean Dietary Pattern, in particular adequate consumption of olive oil and vegetables, and limited ingestion of commercial pastry, red/ processed meat, fats and carbonated/ sugar-sweetened drinks, was associated with less severe symptoms of COVID-19 infection.

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Dietary inflammation index association with serum levels of nitric oxide, prostacyclin, and thromboxane B2 among prinzmetal angina patients and healthy persons

Mohajeri,

Cicero

2024

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Association with Serum Inflammatory Factors Stress Oxidative and Appetite in COVID-19 Patients

Cited by 6 publications

References 52 publications

Relevance of Mediterranean diet as a nutritional strategy in diminishing COVID-19 risk: A systematic review

Relevance of Mediterranean diet as a nutritional strategy in diminishing COVID-19 risk: A systematic review

Components of the mediterranean dietary pattern and COVID-19 symptoms

Dietary inflammation index association with serum levels of nitric oxide, prostacyclin, and thromboxane B2 among prinzmetal angina patients and healthy persons

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