Adherence to Treatment by Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Monze Mission Hospital, Monze, Zambia

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases and among the leading causes of disability, morbidity and mortality globally. The study assessed adherence to treatment by type 2 DM patients aged 20 years and above at Monze Mission Hospital in Monze district, Zambia. Research questions: 1) What is the level of adherence to treatment by type 2 DM patients receiving care from Monze Mission Hospital? 2) What factors influence adherence to treatment by type 2 DM patients? Methods: The study was conducted in 2017. It was a cross-sectional design. Simple random sampling method was used to select respondents and data was collected using a structured interview schedule. Data was entered and analyzed using the modified self-reported Morisky Medication Adherence Scale with six scores, modified self-care management questionnaire and IBM® Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Chi-Square was used to test associations between variables and binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. The Morisky Medication Adherence scale was interpreted as follows: patients who scored between 4 -6 points on knowledge had high knowledge while those who scored between 1 -3 points had low knowledge about the disease. Results: The sample size of the study was 138 respondents. The study showed, only 44.2% of respondents had good adherence to treatment as they scored above 4 using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Majority of the patients (55.6%) had knowledge about treatment despite 65.2% of respondents reported distance and financial challenges as hindrances to adherence. The study revealed a statistical association between adherence and knowledge of type 2 DM treatment. Conclusion: The study showed that poor adherence to treatment reduced as knowledge about DM

Adherence to Recommended Regimen and Associated Factors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Rwinkwavu District Hospital, Rwanda

“…[34] This high non-adherence to medication, diet and exercise regime mirrors the situation across many countries in the region and Africa in general. For instance, studies done in Africa which showed low level of adherence include Botswana at 41.8%, [35] Zambia at 44.2%, [12] Ghana at 53.5%, [36] Nigeria at 50.2% at 34.0%, [37] Ethiopia, [38] Uganda at 38.1%, [39] and Tanzania at 60.2%, [40]. This is a concern particularly because the rate of type 2 diabetes in Africa is on the rise where it was 24 million in 2021 and is projected to reach 33 million by 2030.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9] In the same setting the level of adherence to medication ranges from 40% to 75%. [10][11][12][13][14] Poor adherence and rising occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus risk factors (alcohol consumption, smoking, overweight/ obesity, physical inactivity) are believed to be the key deterrents in preventing the burden of diabetes. [15] This is evidenced by a number of type 2 diabetes patients with several consequences including severe complications, high admission in the hospital, long duration of hospital stay, economic burden, low productivity and health facilities burden.…”