Adhesion and Surface Modification

Pukánszky, Béla; Fekete, Erika

doi:10.1007/3-540-69220-7_3

Cited by 145 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Only few studies on the effect of CaCO 3 and its surface treatment on the tensile properties of PE are available in the literature; however, more investigations have been carried out with the more crystalline poly(propylene) (PP). [11,17,19,[23][24][25] The development of the tensile properties of PP-CaCO 3 composites with increasing filler volume fraction f shows the same trend as that described for HDPE composites. The particulate surface treatment with stearic acid decreases the work of adhesion between the two phases, leading to decreased yield stress and tensile strength as well as to improved deformability but unchanged modulus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Reducing the surface energy of CaCO 3 leads not only to better particle dispersion (disintegration to the primary particles) but also decreases the interfacial tension and the work of adhesion between the particles and the polymer with consequences for the tensile and impact properties of the composite. [4,[8][9][10][11][12] Nano-and sub-micron particles (large SSA) have strong tendency to aggregate, building strong clusters with different shapes, which cannot be disintegrated during compounding. Hence, they lead to special reinforcement effects (higher moduli) and are not going to be considered in this context.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the component properties, the composite mechanical characteristics are influenced by the adhesion forces at the filler-matrix interface and by the thickness and properties of the interphase, e.g., crystallite orientation and chain dynamics. [11,12,[15][16][17] Moreover, the particulates can influence the polymer crystallization, thereby increasing or decreasing the crystallinity and thickness of the crystallites. [17,18] The crucial role of composite morphology in determining the mechanical properties is well recognized.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Osman

Atallah

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Micron‐sized CaCO3 particles free of milling additives were coated with a monolayer of aliphatic carboxylic acids of different chain length (C2, C4, C5, C10, and C18). CaCO3 was compounded with LDPE at different loading, and the tensile properties of the composites were measured and correlated to the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the particles' surface. SEM indicated that the particles are well dispersed (no agglomerates). The inclusions show little influence on the polymer crystallization, and the filler surface treatment leads to a slight decrease in polymer crystallinity that grows with increasing chain length of the fatty acid. The tensile modulus, yield stress, and maximum stress increase with increasing filler volume fraction ϕ, and the dependence is a function of the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the CaCO3 surface. It seems that the interphase thickness and properties depend on the alkyl chain length and strongly influence the modulus and stresses measured. With increasing chain length in the coated organic layer, the interfacial adhesion between the inclusions and the polymer matrix decreases, and the fibril formation increases. The tensile properties are the result of a superimposition of all these effects. The yield and ultimate strains are dominated by the interfacial slippage (increases with growing alkyl chain length) that leads to debonding at high deformations. Surface treatment of CaCO3 with valeric acid leads to the maximum possible tensile modulus, yield stress, and tensile strength combined with a relatively small loss in yield and ultimate strain.magnified image

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confidence: 86%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Osman

Atallah

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…According to Equation (1) large particles debond easily, while small ones remain strongly attached to the matrix. The picture is further complicated by the fact that small particles form aggregates [21][22][23][24][25], which behave as large particles and debond…”

Section: The Number Of Debonded Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism and kinetics of void formation and growth in particulate filled PE composites

Sudár

Móczó

Vörös

et al. 2007

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Volume strain measurements were carried out on PE/CaCO3 composites prepared with three different matrix polymers, containing various amounts of filler. The analysis of the debonding process and the various stages of void formation proved that the model developed for the prediction of the initiation of debonding is valid also for the studied PE/CaCO3 composites. Debonding stress is determined by the strength of interfacial adhesion, particle size and the stiffness of the matrix. In thermoplastic matrices usually two competitive processes take place: debonding and the plastic deformation of the polymer. The relative magnitude of the two processes strongly influences the number and size of the voids formed. Because of this competition and due to the wide particle size distribution of commercial fillers, only a certain fraction of the particles initiate the formation of voids. The number of voids formed is inversely proportional to the stiffness of the matrix polymer. In stiff matrices almost the entire amount of filler separates from the matrix under the effect of external load, while less than 30% debond in a PE which has an initial modulus of 0.4 GPa. Further decrease of matrix stiffness may lead to the complete absence of debonding and the composite would deform exclusively by shear yielding. Voids initiated by debonding grow during the further deformation of the composite. The size of the voids also depends on the modulus of the matrix. The rate of volume increase considerably exceeds the value predicted for cross-linked rubbers. At the same deformation and filler content the number of voids is smaller and their size is larger in soft matrices than in polymers with larger inherent modulus.

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“…In this work, we try to apply Pukanszky et al [18,19] , where λ is a constant. The quantities ρf , Sf ,and Ei represent the density of filler, the specific surface area of the filler and the Young's modulus of the interphase, respectively.…”

Section: Young's Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ion Beam and Carbon Black Filler Type on the Mechanical and Physico-Chemical Properties of Butadiene Acrylonitrile Rubber (NBR)

Hassan¹,

Aboud²,

El-Waily³

2016

IJSEA

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Five types of carbon black nanofillers, namely Intermediate Super-Abrasion Furnace ISAF (N220), High-Abrasion Furnace HAF-LS (N326), Fast Extruding Furnace FEF (N550), General Purpose Furnace GPF (N660) and Semi-Reinforcing Furnace SRF-HS (N774) were incorporated with butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (NBR) in order to improve its physical properties. Young's modulus was found to increase with nanofiller content. Percolation concentration was detected in mechanical as well as in Physico-chemical behavior.The experimental values of the normalized Young's modulus fit well with Pukanszky et al. model; taking into consideration the difference in carbon black-filler type. It is noticed that the characteristic time of swelling in toluene, τ is higher for NBR loaded with 30 phr ISAF and for the rest of samples it increases with increasing of particle size. Finally oxygen ion beam irradiation for percolative loading NBR nanocomposites increases Young's modulus nearly by 2-3 times.

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Adhesion and Surface Modification

Cited by 145 publications

References 74 publications

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

The mechanism and kinetics of void formation and growth in particulate filled PE composites

Influence of Ion Beam and Carbon Black Filler Type on the Mechanical and Physico-Chemical Properties of Butadiene Acrylonitrile Rubber (NBR)

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