Adhesion between Nanoscale Rough Surfaces

Rabinovich, Ya. I.; Adler, J.; Ata, Ali; Singh, Rajiv K.; Moudgil, Brij M.

doi:10.1006/jcis.2000.7168

Cited by 372 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Schematics of models considering the influence of roughness on adhesion. Left: model by Rumpf [555] with a single asperity of radius r. Middle: model of Rabinovich et al [557], that considers different length scales l 1 and l 2 of the surface roughness, with radii R 1 and R 2 . Left: model by Cooper et al [558], that assumes an even distribution of asperities.…”

Section: Influence Of Roughness On Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model was found to adequately describe the decrease in adhesion for increasing roughness on titanium deposited on silicon wafers [557]. Beach et al [352] applied this model successfully to analyze pull-off forces of glass and lactose particles from rough surfaces (series of polypropylene coatings, polycarbonate, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene).…”

Section: Influence Of Roughness On Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Butt

Cappella

Kappl

2005

Surface Science Reports

3,245

2,949

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Section: Influence Of Roughness On Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Roughness On Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Butt

Cappella

Kappl

2005

Surface Science Reports

3,245

2,949

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“…It is well know from colloid science that van der Waals interactions strongly depend on the geometry of the particle and surface. [34,35]. Rabinovich models roughness as a distribution of closely packed hemispheres with equal radius (the asperity radius) r having their origin below the average surface, each protruding from this surface to a maximum peak height.…”

Section: Effect Of Surface Roughness On Adhesion Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a cause of this variation surface roughness and surface heterogeneity have been suggested [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The decrease of adhesion with surface roughness can influence particle adhesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Adhesion between Fine Particles and Nanocontacts: An Atomic Force Microscope Study

et al. 2006

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To optimize the handling of fine powders in industrial applications, understanding the interaction forces between single powder particles is fundamental. The forces between colloidal particles dominate the behavior of a great variety of materials, including paints, paper, soil, and many industrial processes. With the invention of the atomic force microscope (AFM), the direct measurement of the interaction between single micron-sized particles became possible. The adhesional contact between a particle and a substrate is a parameter for analyzing pull-off force data generated by AFM. The aim of this study was to understand surface interactions between fine particles. I measured the adhesion forces between AFM tips or particles attached to AFM cantilevers and different solid samples. Smooth and homogeneous surfaces such as silicon wafer, mica, or highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), and more rough and heterogeneous surfaces such as iron particles or patterns of TiO 2 nanoparticles on silicon wafer were used. First, I addressed to the wellknown issue that AFM adhesion experiment results show wide distributions of adhesion forces rather than a single value. My experimental results show that variations in adhesion forces comprise fast (i.e., from one force curves to the next) random fluctuations and slower fluctuations, which occur over tens or hundreds of consecutive measurements. Slow fluctuations are not likely to be the result of variations in external factors such as lateral position, temperature, humidity, and so forth because those were kept constant. Even if two solid bodies are brought into contact under precisely the same conditions (same place, load, direction, etc.) the result of such a measurement will often not be the same as for the previous contact. The measurement itself will induce structural changes in the contact region which can change the value for the next adhesion force measurement.In the second part I studied the influence of humidity on the adhesion of nanocontacts. Humidity was adjusted relatively fast to minimize tip wear during one experiment. For hydrophobic surfaces, no signification change of adhesion force with humidity was observed. Adhesion force-versus-humidity curves recorded with hydrophilic surfaces either showed a maximum or continuously increased. I demonstrate that the results can be interpreted with simple continuum theory of the meniscus force. The meniscus force is calculated based on a model that includes surface roughness and takes into account different AFM tip (or particle) shapes by a two-sphere-model.Experimental and theoretical results show that the precise contact geometry has a critical influence on the humidity dependence of the adhesion force.Changes of tip geometry on the sub-10-nm length scale can completely change adhesion force-versus-humidity curves. Our model can also explain the differences between earlier AFM studies, where different dependencies of the adhesion force on humidity were observed.Keywords: Atomic force microscopy (AFM), cantile...

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Direct Measurement of Interparticle Forces of Titan Aerosol Analogs (“Tholin”) Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Hörst

et al. 2017

JGR Planets

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To understand the origin of the dunes on Titan, it is important to investigate the material properties of Titan's organic sand particles on Titan. The organic sand may behave distinctively compared to the quartz/basaltic sand on terrestrial planets (Earth, Venus, and Mars) due to differences in interparticle forces. We measured the surface energy (through contact angle measurements) and elastic modulus (through Atomic Force Microscopy) of the Titan aerosol analog (tholin). We find that the surface energy of a tholin thin film is about 70.9 mN/m, and its elastic modulus is about 3.0 GPa (similar to hard polymers like PMMA and polystyrene). For two 20 μm diameter particles, the theoretical cohesion force is therefore 3.3 μN. We directly measured interparticle forces for relevant materials: tholin particles are 0.8 ± 0.6 μN, while the interparticle cohesion between walnut shell particles (a typical model materials for the Titan Wind Tunnel, TWT) is only 0.4 ± 0.1 μN. The interparticle cohesion forces are much larger for tholins and presumably Titan sand particles than materials used in the TWT. This suggests that we should increase the interparticle force in both analog experiments (TWT) and threshold models to correctly translate the results to real Titan conditions. The strong cohesion of tholins may also inform us how the small aerosol particles (∼1 μm) in Titan's atmosphere are transformed into large sand particles (∼200 μm). It may also support the cohesive sand formation mechanism suggested by Rubin and Hesp (2009), where only unidirectional wind is needed to form linear dunes on Titan.

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Adhesion between Nanoscale Rough Surfaces

Cited by 372 publications

References 17 publications

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

On the Adhesion between Fine Particles and Nanocontacts: An Atomic Force Microscope Study

Direct Measurement of Interparticle Forces of Titan Aerosol Analogs (“Tholin”) Using Atomic Force Microscopy

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