Adhesion to the Mediterranean diet in diabetic patients with poor control

Roldan, Carmen Celada; Marcos, María Loreto Tárraga; Marcos, Fátima Madrona; Albero, Juan Solera; Rios, Raul Salmeron; Rodríguez, A. Celada; Royo, Josefa María Panisello; López, Pedro Juan Tárraga

doi:10.1016/j.artere.2019.03.005

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Present results are in accordance with previous studies that evidenced a bodyweight loss and reduced changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after increasing the adherence to the MedDiet [ 36 , 37 ]. Like these results, it was reported that a low adherence to the MedDiet was associated with high blood glucose and HbA1c levels in diabetic patients [ 38 , 39 ]. These results confirm the fact that the MedDiet contributes to an improvement in glycemic control and insulin sensitivity and a reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular events.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Increased Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet after Lifestyle Intervention Improves Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2022

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Background: A Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recommended as a therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) because there is no specific pharmacological treatment for this disease. Objective: To assess the relationship between the adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the intrahepatic fat content (IFC), levels of oxidative stress, and inflammation biomarkers after a 6-month lifestyle intervention in NAFLD patients. Methods: Patients diagnosed with NAFLD (n = 60 adults; 40–60 years old) living in the Balearic Islands, Spain, were classified into two groups, according to the adherence to the MedDiet after 6 months of lifestyle intervention. Anthropometry, blood pressure, IFC, maximal oxygen uptake, and pro/antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in plasma and in PBMCs before and after the intervention. Results: Reductions in weight, body mass index, IFC, blood pressure levels, circulating glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and markers of liver damage—aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and cytokeratin 18 (CK-18)—were observed after the intervention. The highest reductions were observed in the group with the best adherence to the MedDiet. A significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness was also observed in the group with a higher adherence. The activities of catalase in plasma and catalase and superoxide dismutase in blood mononuclear cells increased only in the group with a higher adherence, as well as the catalase gene expression in the blood mononuclear cells. The plasma levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase decreased, and resolvin-D1 increased in both groups after the intervention, whereas interleukin-6 levels decreased only in the group with a higher adherence to the MedDiet. Conclusions: A greater adherence to the MedDiet is related to greater improvements in IFC, cardiorespiratory fitness, and pro-oxidative and proinflammatory status in NAFLD patients after a 6-month nutritional intervention based on the MedDiet.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Increased Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet after Lifestyle Intervention Improves Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2022

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“…The current results also revealed that participants with better adherence to the MedDiet showed healthier biochemical characteristics. These results are in accordance with previous studies which reported high blood glucose and HbA1c levels in diabetic patients with low adherence to the MedDiet [ 38 , 39 ]. Moreover, a previous study related the consumption of dietary fat to an increased risk of having cardiovascular disease, MetS, and hyperglycaemia [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Oxidative and Inflammatory Status, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Monserrat-Mesquida,

Quetglas-Llabrés,

Bouzas

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex and increasingly prevalent cardiometabolic disorder worldwide. As of today, NAFLD is a pathology without specific pharmacological treatment, with the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) being the most widely used approach for its management. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on fatty acid plasma levels, as well as on the oxidative and inflammatory status of NAFLD patients. A total of 100 adult patients (40–60 years old) diagnosed with NAFLD and from the Balearic Islands, Spain, were classified into three groups according to their adherence to the MedDiet. Consumption was assessed using a validated 143-item semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Food items (g/day) were categorised according to their processing using the NOVA system. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, aminotransferases, Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), inflammatory biomarkers, and fatty acid levels were measured in the plasma of NAFLD patients. High adherence to the MedDiet is associated to a highly plant-based diet, low ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, low intake of dietary lipids, low intake of animal fats, high intake of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA; mainly palmitoleic acid), low intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs; practically all dietary SFAs), low intake of trans-fatty acids, high intake of omega-3 fatty acids (mainly eicosapentaenoic acid), a higher n-6:n-3 in ratio, low intake of omega-6 fatty acids, and a low level of interleukin-6 (IL-6). High adherence to the MedDiet is related to a better fatty acid profile in the plasma, fewer SFAs and more MUFA and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), a plasma biochemical profile, better proinflammatory status, and decreased ultra-processed food consumption of NAFLD patients.

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“…These findings are consistent with the results of other studies, where the diets similar to the Mediterranean diet contributed to a significant improvement in the health status, which was associated with a significant reduction in the all-cause mortality (9%), as well as the reduction in cardiovascular and cancer mortality (9% and 6%, respectively) and prevalence of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease (13%) [ 24 ]. These findings seem to be clinically significant for public health; in particular they justify the use of the Mediterranean diet and diets similar to it as a pattern in the primary prevention of chronic diseases such as CVD, diabetes [ 25 ], obesity [ 26 ], visceral obesity [ 27 ], and hypertension [ 28 ]. The DASH diet, in turn, proved to be effective in lowering hypertension in a group of hypertensive patients [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns and the Prevalence of Noncommunicable Diseases in the PURE Poland Study Participants

et al. 2023

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The aim of the study was to analyze the association between dietary patterns (DP) identified in the group of Lower Silesia (Poland) inhabitants and the prevalence of selected noncommunicable diseases, such as total cardiovascular diseases (CVD), hypertension, diabetes, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), visceral obesity, and excessive body weight. This study involved 2023 subjects aged 35–70 years, from Wroclaw and surrounding villages. The assessment of food intake in the study group was assessed using the standardized Food Frequency Questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified using the principal components analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation. Three dietary patterns were identified in the study group: unhealthy, healthy, and traditional. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, IFG, and visceral obesity decreased across the quartiles of healthy DP. Prevalence of IFG increased across the quartiles of unhealthy DP, but the prevalence of hypertension decreased. When the diet was more adherent to the traditional DP the prevalence of CVD, diabetes, IFG, visceral obesity, obesity, and being overweight was higher. DP abundant in fruits, vegetables, seeds, nuts, raisins, and unrefined grains, named “healthy dietary pattern”, had a beneficial association with lower prevalence of selected noncommunicable diseases. DP abundant in meat products, but poor in fruits and vegetables were positively associated with higher prevalence of total CVD, diabetes, IFG, excessive body weight, and visceral obesity.

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Adhesion to the Mediterranean diet in diabetic patients with poor control

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Increased Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet after Lifestyle Intervention Improves Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Increased Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet after Lifestyle Intervention Improves Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Oxidative and Inflammatory Status, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Dietary Patterns and the Prevalence of Noncommunicable Diseases in the PURE Poland Study Participants

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