Adhesive, Flexible, and Fast Degradable 3D‐Printed Wound Dressings with a Simple Composition

Abstract

Abstract3D printing technology has revolutionized the field of wound dressings, offering tailored solutions with mechanical support to facilitate wound closure. In addition to personalization, the intricate nature of the wound healing process requires wound dressing materials with diverse properties, such as moisturization, flexibility, adhesion, anti‐oxidation and degradability. Unfortunately, current materials used in digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing have been inadequate in meeting these crucial criteria. This study introduces a novel DLP resin that is biocompatible and consists of only three commonly employed non‐toxic compounds in biomaterials, i.e., dopamine, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, and N‐vinylpyrrolidone. Simple as it is, this material system fulfills all essential functions for effective wound healing. Unlike most DLP resins that are non‐degradable and rigid, our material exhibits tunable and rapid degradation kinetics, allowing for complete hydrolysis within a few hours. Furthermore, the high flexibility enables conformal application of complex dressings in challenging areas such as finger joints. Using a difficult‐to‐heal wound model, we substantiate the manifold positive effects on wound healing in vivo, including granulation tissue formation, inflammation regulation, and vascularization. The simplicity and versatility of our material make it a promising option for personalized wound care, holding significant potential for future translation.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Advanced Biomaterials for 3D Printing via a Synergistic Dual-Photopolymer Design

“…77 Also, the dual-photopolymer strategy can also be applied for the 3D-printing polymers synthesized by step-growth polymerization, such as poly(glycerol sebacate), 78 poly(diol citrate), 79 and poly(β-amino ester). 80 At the same time, new frontiers in modern materials development can be introduced to 3D-printing dual-photopolymer design. For example, machine learning 81−83 can be used to predict which materials will work best for 3D-printed, biodegradable objects for certain applications, based on the database integrating the viscosities, mechanical properties, and degradability of cross-linking networks corresponding to existing photopolymers with different structures and chain lengths.…”

“…This could be particularly useful for the development of mechanically strong biodegradable hydrogels . Also, the dual-photopolymer strategy can also be applied for the 3D-printing polymers synthesized by step-growth polymerization, such as poly(glycerol sebacate), poly(diol citrate), and poly(β-amino ester) …”

Oxidative Polymer Degradation via Cope Elimination

“…To address challenges in plastic persistence, it is vital to develop highly tunable, degradable materials. − With this in mind, poly(β-amino esters) (PBAEs) and poly(amido amines) (PAMAMs) have garnered interest in biomedical and materials science due to their facile synthesis, controllable degradation lifetime, and biocompatibility. − These materials are typically prepared via bulk aza-Michael polymerization of diacrylates/acrylamides with primary amines. , This combinatorial approach allows for the preparation of materials libraries with highly customizable backbone and pendent group chemistries without the need for purification. − Because of this structural diversity and ease of synthesis, PBAEs and PAMAMs have been extensively investigated as degradable polymeric platforms in gene delivery, ,, bioimaging, , three-dimensional (3D) printing, , and dynamic covalent networks. − …”

“…16,17 This combinatorial approach allows for the preparation of materials libraries with highly customizable backbone and pendent group chemistries without the need for purification. 18−21 Because of this structural diversity and ease of synthesis, PBAEs and PAMAMs have been extensively investigated as degradable polymeric platforms in gene delivery, 18,20,22 bioimaging, 23,24 three-dimensional (3D) printing, 25,26 and dynamic covalent networks. 27−29 For most biological applications, PBAEs and PAMAMs are typically employed in their protonated form to impart polycationic character and maximize solubility for DNA polyplexing in gene therapy applications.…”