Adhesive Force between Hydrophilic Surfaces in Alcohol–Water Solutions

Role of solvation forces in the gelation of fumed silica–alcohol suspensions

“…We hypothesize that the barrier that limits rapid aggregation occurs due to the alcohol hydrogen bonding to the silica surface [34]. This concept is supported by studies performed by Kanda et al [35] who investigated the interaction between mica and silica surfaces in the presence of water-alcohol mixtures. At extremely high alcohol concentrations, i.e., weight fractions of alcohol equal to 0.98-0.99, atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements showed evidence of multiple solvent layers for all of the alcohols used in this study.…”

Aggregation and gelation kinetics of fumed silica–ethanol suspensions

“…At a spacing of two solvent molecule diameters the dispersion forces would yield an attractive secondary minimum of ∼4kT . Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies suggest that this spacing is not an unreasonable expectation for strongly bound ethanol on silica surfaces [37][38][39]. It is noted that due to the openness of the fumed silica particle, the use of the bulk properties of silica and ethanol in Eq.…”

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

“…Examples are OMCTS (octamethyl-cyclo-tetra-siloxane) [747,748], 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene ((CH 3 ) 3 C 6 H 3 ) [747], and n-alcohols [749][750][751]. As one prominent example Han and Lindsay [747] analyze the layering of OMCTS and trimethylbenzene on HOPG with an AFM.…”