Adhesives in the leather industry - perspectives for changing needs

Saikumar, C.

doi:10.1163/156856102760070367

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The components of these adhesives must be carefully selected to improve the overall performance when bonding certain types of materials. 27,37 The main components of adhesives are elastomers, resins, additives, and solvents. 39 The following sections describe each one of these components and their importance on the adhesives properties.…”

Section: Composition Of Solvent-based Adhesivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Table 10 shows the adhesives more commonly used for each operation of the sewing step. 2,19,27 In lasting step, depending on the procedures used for manufacturing footwear, the insole can be bonded or stitched to the upper. If it is bonded, a specific machine for the application of the adhesive (hotmelt in this step) is used, as shown in Figure 8.…”

Section: Manufacture Of Joints In Footwear Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purpose of these adhesives is both to fill gaps and act as a connecting bridge between the materials intended to be bonded. 26,27 There is not, however, a perfect adhesive that can be used in all situations. The selection of the adhesives and the joint geometry is relatively complex and depends on various factors such as the intended final joint strength and intended shoe use, the nature of the substrates, thermal resistance, and the time available to complete the bonding step, price, etc.…”

Section: Adhesives Used In Footwear Industry Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adhesives in the footwear industry

Paiva

Marques

Silva

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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Footwear manufacturing is basically a process of transformation and assembly of various components made up of several materials where different adhesives play a key role, because without them, the shoe would lack shape and structure. This paper aims to understand the importance of adhesives in the footwear industry. It is necessary to identify the different processes in a shoemaking where adhesives are involved and the different adhesive joints produced, as well as their technical requirements. The adhesive joint performance will depend on the different adherends' nature used as footwear materials, the joint design, the surface treatments, the adhesive properties which depend on their formulation, and so on. Adhesive joints in a shoe act under different stress types (peel, shear, tensile, etc.). The most disfavourable are the peel stress. For that reason, the peel strength test is one of the most common to evaluate adhesive joints' performance. When heat resistance is an important adhesive requirements, a creep test is carried out. Furthermore, aging tests are undertaken in order to evaluate durability. This methodology is described in this paper. In the literature, one can find several papers on adhesives, specifically on their mechanical properties. However, there is little research related to footwear applications, including not only the mechanical properties that this industry demands, but also the composition of the adhesives. Therefore, this paper aims to connect the important mechanical properties for the footwear industry with the constituents of the adhesives. However, other properties are also important, such as viscosity, wettability, compatibility, etc., depending on the materials and the adhesive joint type.

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Section: Composition Of Solvent-based Adhesivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Manufacture Of Joints In Footwear Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adhesives Used In Footwear Industry Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adhesives in the footwear industry

Paiva

Marques

Silva

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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“…High solids content is often expected, because the higher the solids content is, the faster the drying rate and the less the energy consumption. Small particle size will be beneficial in storage stability and penetration or leveling on a substrate in applications 31,32 but generally leads to high viscosity, which is disadvantageous to disperse the prepolymer in a small volume of water. Ideal latex should have high solids content, low viscosity, small particle size, and long storage life.…”

Section: Effect On Zeta-potential and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of 1,4‐Butanediol di(3‐Diethylamino‐2‐Hydroxylpropyl Alcohol) Ether and Cationic Waterborne Polyurethane with High Solids Content

et al. 2016

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A novel hydrophilic cationic chain extender, 1,4-butanediol di(3-diethylamino-2-hydroxylpropyl alcohol) ether (BDE), was successfully prepared, and then a series of lateral-chain-type cationic waterborne polyurethanes (CWPUs) with high solid content was synthesized. Compared with the traditional cationic chain extender, N-methyl diethanol amine (MDEA), BDE with lateral amino groups shows more efficient hydrophilicity and ionization properties. CWPUs prepared from BDE possess lower viscosity, smaller particle size, and larger zeta-potential. As predicted, stable CWPU latexes with higher solids content (≥50%) and lower hydrophilic group content were achieved. Further study indicated that other properties, including the molecular weight, glass transition temperature, thermal stability, and mechanical properties, of lateral-chain-type CWPUs were similar or superior to those of main-chain-type ones; no negative effect could be observed.

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“…The high level of structural heterogeneity exercises a considerable influence on the physical properties of leather and, in particular, on the level of cohesion between its different layers [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in cohesion and adhesion of tanned leather as a function of reaction time with urethane-based primer

Vélez-Pagés¹,

Martı́n-Martı́nez²

2006

Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology

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Bovine tanned leather without a finish was treated with a one-component urethane prepolymer primer. The changes produced in the leather by increasing the time between the application of the primer and the adhesive joint formation (reaction time) were analyzed by IR-ATR spectroscopy, DMTA, and stress-strain measurements. Adhesion was tested in terms of T-peel strength of PVC/polyurethane adhesive/leather joints. By increasing the reaction time, a higher degree of primer curing was obtained and a higher cohesion was achieved in the leather (i.e., increased mechanical properties). Higher initial and final adhesion values for the primed leather to polyurethane adhesive were obtained by increasing the reaction time, and a higher joint strength was always obtained in comparison to that obtained in the adhesive joint produced with the roughened unprimed leather. Therefore, the application of a urethane-based primer was a good alternative to the current roughening treatment of leather for improving the upper leather to sole bonding in shoe manufacturing.

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Adhesives in the leather industry - perspectives for changing needs

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Adhesives in the footwear industry

Adhesives in the footwear industry

Synthesis of 1,4‐Butanediol di(3‐Diethylamino‐2‐Hydroxylpropyl Alcohol) Ether and Cationic Waterborne Polyurethane with High Solids Content

Changes in cohesion and adhesion of tanned leather as a function of reaction time with urethane-based primer

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