Adipocyte Metabolism and Health after the Menopause: The Role of Exercise

Marsh, Megan L.; Oliveira, Marta Novaes; Vieira‐Potter, Victoria J.

doi:10.3390/nu15020444

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…Estrogen inhibits the expression of androgen receptors in visceral adipocytes, leading to their increased expression. As a result of a reduction in levels of estrogen, visceral adiposity may become more prone to the negative consequences of androgens [ 30 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changed Endocrinology in Postmenopausal Women: A Comprehensive View

Motlani,

Pamnani

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Menopause, when menstrual cycles stop, is brought on by a decline in the level of the hormones progesterone and oestrogen synthesised by the ovaries. Menopause is an unavoidable stage of a female's lifecycle, but because experiences differ for every woman, several women require health care aid to manage their health problems. The physiological variations that take place at various periods of the reproducing age, along with the kind and timing of menopause, are components that are frequently associated with a greater threat of cardiometabolic illness. The most researched associations between menopause and cardiometabolic health are reduced levels of ovarian estrogen synthesis and excessive amounts of androgen during the onset of menopause. Although testosterone and oestrogens have differing effects on adipocyte physiology, it is debatable how important oestrogens are for the emergence of metabolic disorders following menopause. The control of adipocyte differentiation by the brain as well as potential roles of oestrogen and endocrine disruptors chemicals are reviewed in this systematic review of the subject. In general, women had a greater frequency of metabolic syndrome compared to men. Female metabolism was significantly impacted by overt hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism. Osteoporosis is another medical condition that menopausal women may experience. Estrogen deprivation is the main contributor to osteoporosis in menopausal women. The regular cycle of bone turnover is disrupted by the decrease in estrogen secretion, which boosts osteoclastic resorption activity while decreasing osteoblastic activity. The entire article assesses and provides information on all the changes in a woman's life after menopause.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changed Endocrinology in Postmenopausal Women: A Comprehensive View

Motlani,

Pamnani

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Loss of estrogen (i.e., 17β-estradiol, E2) in animals [ 1 ] and in humans is associated with reduced spontaneous and motivated physical activity (PA) [ 2 ] and dysfunctional adipose tissue metabolism [ 3 ], which together contribute to greater cardiometabolic risk following menopause [ 4 ]. Our work [ 5 ] and that of others [ 6 ] has shown that E2 affects adipose tissue via signaling through its steroid transcription factor receptors, ESR1 and ESR2 (ERα, ERβ), both of which are abundantly expressed in adipose tissues and brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knockdown of Esr1 from DRD1-Rich Brain Regions Affects Adipose Tissue Metabolism: Potential Crosstalk between Nucleus Accumbens and Adipose Tissue

Shay,

Welly,

Mao

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Declining estrogen (E2) leads to physical inactivity and adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction. Mechanisms are not fully understood, but E2’s effects on dopamine (DA) activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) brain region may mediate changes in mood and voluntary physical activity (PA). Our prior work revealed that loss of E2 robustly affected NAc DA-related gene expression, and the pattern correlated with sedentary behavior and visceral fat. The current study used a new transgenic mouse model (D1ERKO) to determine whether the abolishment of E2 receptor alpha (ERα) signaling within DA-rich brain regions affects PA and AT metabolism. Adult male and female wild-type (WT) and D1ERKO (KD) mice were assessed for body composition, energy intake (EE), spontaneous PA (SPA), and energy expenditure (EE); underwent glucose tolerance testing; and were assessed for blood biochemistry. Perigonadal white AT (PGAT), brown AT (BAT), and NAc brain regions were assessed for genes and proteins associated with DA, E2 signaling, and metabolism; AT sections were also assessed for uncoupling protein (UCP1). KD mice had greater lean mass and EE (genotype effects) and a visible change in BAT phenotype characterized by increased UCP1 staining and lipid depletion, an effect seen only among females. Female KD had higher NAc Oprm1 transcript levels and greater PGAT UCP1. This group tended to have improved glucose tolerance (p = 0.07). NAc suppression of Esr1 does not appear to affect PA, yet it may directly affect metabolism. This work may lead to novel targets to improve metabolic dysfunction following E2 loss, possibly by targeting the NAc.

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“…Obesity, defined as an excess of adiposity, is a global epidemic widely recognized as a leading cause of various metabolic disorders and cancers (Cirulli et al, 2019;Koenen et al, 2021;He et al, 2023). Excess central fat accumulation causing metabolic disturbance can exacerbate the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (Vasan et al, 2018;Marsh et al, 2023). Biomarkers reported to influence abdominal obesity have also been shown to be prognostic of early cardiometabolic risk independent of general obesity (Supriya et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, not all abdominal areas in which fat accumulates are associated with harm. It is known that android fat deposited around the waist increases the risk of metabolic disease, while gynoid fat deposited around the hips does not, and some studies suggest gynoid fat may have a beneficial effect (Vasan et al, 2018;Marsh et al, 2023). Therefore, uncovering novel biomarkers for fat distribution can provide more precise insight into fat accumulation and obesity-related diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic metabolomic studies identified adult adiposity biomarkers with acetylglycine associated with fat loss in vivo

Chen

Gong

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Obesity is associated with various adverse health outcomes. Body fat (BF) distribution is recognized as an important factor of negative health consequences of obesity. Although metabolomics studies, mainly focused on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, have explored the biological mechanisms involved in the development of obesity, these proxy composite measures are not accurate and cannot reflect BF distribution, and thus may hinder accurate assessment of metabolic alterations and differential risk of metabolic disorders among individuals presenting adiposity differently throughout the body. Thus, the exact relations between metabolites and BF remain to be elucidated. Here, we aim to examine the associations of metabolites and metabolic pathways with BF traits which reflect BF distribution. We performed systematic untargeted serum metabolite profiling and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) whole body fat scan for 517 Chinese women. We jointly analyzed DXA-derived four BF phenotypes to detect cross-phenotype metabolite associations and to prioritize important metabolomic factors. Topology-based pathway analysis was used to identify important BF-related biological processes. Finally, we explored the relationships of the identified BF-related candidate metabolites with BF traits in different sex and ethnicity through two independent cohorts. Acetylglycine, the top distinguished finding, was validated for its obesity resistance effect through in vivo studies of various diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Eighteen metabolites and fourteen pathways were discovered to be associated with BF phenotypes. Six of the metabolites were validated in varying sex and ethnicity. The obesity-resistant effects of acetylglycine were observed to be highly robust and generalizable in both human and DIO mice. These findings demonstrate the importance of metabolites associated with BF distribution patterns and several biological pathways that may contribute to obesity and obesity-related disease etiology, prevention, and intervention. Acetylglycine is highlighted as a potential therapeutic candidate for preventing excessive adiposity in future studies.

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Adipocyte Metabolism and Health after the Menopause: The Role of Exercise

Cited by 18 publications

References 161 publications

Changed Endocrinology in Postmenopausal Women: A Comprehensive View

Changed Endocrinology in Postmenopausal Women: A Comprehensive View

Knockdown of Esr1 from DRD1-Rich Brain Regions Affects Adipose Tissue Metabolism: Potential Crosstalk between Nucleus Accumbens and Adipose Tissue

Systematic metabolomic studies identified adult adiposity biomarkers with acetylglycine associated with fat loss in vivo

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