Adipocytes, aldosterone and obesity-related hypertension

Abstract

Aldosterone and obesity a nguyen dinh cat and others 57:1 F7-F21 AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms linking obesity with hypertension is important in the current obesity epidemic as it may improve therapeutic interventions. Plasma aldosterone levels are positively correlated with body mass index and weight loss in obese patients is reported to be accompanied by decreased aldosterone levels. This suggests a relationship between adipose tissue and the production/secretion of aldosterone. Aldosterone is synthesized principally by the adrenal glands, but its production may be regulated by many factors, including factors secreted by adipocytes. In addition, studies have reported local synthesis of aldosterone in extra-adrenal tissues, including adipose tissue. Experimental studies have highlighted a role for adipocyte-secreted aldosterone in the pathogenesis of obesity-related cardiovascular complications via the mineralocorticoid receptor. This review focuses on how aldosterone secretion may be influenced by adipose tissue and the importance of these mechanisms in the context of obesity-related hypertension.

Clinical characteristics of snoring patients with primary aldosteronism and obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome

“…This presentation is partially associated with the activation of the RAAS pathway as a consequence of recurrent hypoxemia and hypercapnia while OSAS patients are asleep [7]. Additionally, obesity was common in patients with PA plus OSAS, as adipocytes and their derivative factors have been shown to activate the local RAAS pathway [18]. However, we did not find the AHI positively related to PRA as showed in the Di Murro’s study [3].…”

Sex Differences in Mechanisms of Hypertension Associated With Obesity

“…A novel pathway via which leptin may mediate hypertension in obese women is via activation of the aldosterone-mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) axis (Figure 1). Peripheral effects of MR activation outside of its role in renal sodium retention have been identified and linked with hypertension and vascular dysfunction in obesity in males and females 72, 73 . Aldosterone levels increase in correlation with adipose tissue and BMI moreso in females than in males 74 .…”

High body fat percentage is associated with primary aldosteronism: a cross-sectional study

“…On the other hand, the activation of mineralocorticoid receptors can also induce the differentiation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes via the induction of cytokines [ 27 ]. Adipocyte-derived factors which can influence adrenal aldosterone secretion include leptin, adiponectin and complement-C1q TNF-related protein-1 (CTRP-1) [ 28 ]. It has also been found that increased leptin signaling can enhance CYP11B2, inducing increased aldosterone synthesis and release [ 29 ].…”