Adipocytokine dysregulation, abnormal glucose metabolism, and lipodystrophy in HIV-infected adolescents receiving protease inhibitors

Santiprabhob, Jeerunda; Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya; Khantee, Puttichart; Maleesatharn, Alan; Phonrat, Benjaluck; Phongsamart, Wanatpreeya; Lapphra, Keswadee; Wittawatmongkol, Orasri; Rungmaitree, Supattra; Tanchaweng, Surapong; Maturapat, Sirinoot; Lermankul, Watcharee; Tungtrongchitr, Rungsunn

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155145

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…It has been reported that PLWH have higher leptin concentrations, and this may increase central fat mass, worsen insulin sensitivity, and lead to higher glucose levels [ 83 ]. Another mechanism of altered glucose metabolism in PLWH may involve lower adiponectin levels that are associated with an increased risk of coronary stenosis [ 84 ].…”

Section: Modifiable Cvd Risk Factors In Plwhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Immunodeficiency Virus as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

Lembas,

Załęski,

Peller

et al. 2023

Cardiovasc Toxicol

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The developments in HIV treatments have increased the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH), a situation that makes cardiovascular disease (CVD) in that population as relevant as ever. PLWH are at increased risk of CVD, and our understanding of the underlying mechanisms is continually increasing. HIV infection is associated with elevated levels of multiple proinflammatory molecules, including IL-6, IL-1β, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, TNF-α, TGF-β, osteopontin, sCD14, hs-CRP, and D-dimer. Other currently examined mechanisms include CD4 + lymphocyte depletion, increased intestinal permeability, microbial translocation, and altered cholesterol metabolism. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to decreases in the concentrations of the majority of proinflammatory molecules, although most remain higher than in the general population. Moreover, adverse effects of ART also play an important role in increased CVD risk, especially in the era of rapid advancement of new therapeutical options. Nevertheless, it is currently believed that HIV plays a more significant role in the development of metabolic syndromes than treatment-associated factors. PLWH being more prone to develop CVD is also due to the higher prevalence of smoking and chronic coinfections with viruses such as HCV and HBV. For these reasons, it is crucial to consider HIV a possible causal factor in CVD occurrence, especially among young patients or individuals without common CVD risk factors.

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Section: Modifiable Cvd Risk Factors In Plwhmentioning

confidence: 99%