Adipokine and cytokine levels in non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI)

Abstract

Due to the fact that overweight or obesity is accompanied by hormonally active adrenal tumors: Cushing Syndrome-(CS) and Subclinical Cushing Syndrome (SCS), it is of high interest the correlation between different adipokines and cytokines secreted by adipose tissue, with metabolic disorders and hormonal activity in this group. Even in non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI) elevated risk for cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome was demonstrated. The aim of the study was to investigate plasma adiponectin, leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) levels in patients with NFAIs and healthy subjects. The study included 18 NFAI patients and 18 healthy subjects. The groups were homogeneous in terms of age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Patients with NFAI showed significantly higher circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to healthy controls (MCP 1: p < 0.001; TNFα p = 0.021; IL6 p = 0.012). On the other hand, adiponectin concentration was significantly lower in the NFAI group (p = 0.034). The serum leptin and resistin concentrations did not differ significantly between the two groups. Acquired results were not dependent on glucocorticoid and catecholamine secretion in NFAI patients. Also, there were no clear correlations between BMI and cytokine levels. It is possible that increased risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases reported in NFAI patients is at least partially dependent on adipose tissue activity.

Adrenal İnsidenteloma Olgularında Hemogram Parametrelerinin Değerlendirilmesi ve Klinik Önemi

“…32 Infl ammation plays an important role in the development mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases. 27 In the current study, a moderately positive correlation was found between cortisol response to 1 mg DST and tumor size. However, although there was no correlation between these hemogram parameters and cortisol results, a low positive correlation was found between tumor size and NLR.…”

“…Clinical researches on Cushing's syndrome can be given as an example. [26][27] Th e reason for the result determined in this study may be that the infl ammatory condition is mild in adrenal incidentaloma or the studies increased NLR. 17,18 In addition to endocrine malignancies such as thyroid cancer, a wide range of malignancies and NLR and PLR relationships have been investigated [33][34][35][36][37][38] .…”

“…Clinical researches on Cushing's syndrome can be given as an example. [26][27] Th e reason for the result determined in this study may be that the infl ammatory condition is mild in adrenal incidentaloma or the studies mentioned above have been done with a small number of patients.…”

Cross-Talk Between Nitrosative Stress, Inflammation and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in Patients with Adrenal Masses

“…7 Several studies have shown that catecholamines inhibit adiponectin secretion, which is significantly reduced in patients with adrenal masses. [78][79][80] In transgenic mice with a deletion of the collagen domain of adiponectin, a lower concentration of circulating adiponectin was observed, which led to an increase in lipoprotein lipase activity and lipid removal. 81 However, it should be noted that patients in the study group were only overweight but not obese.…”

Serum Visfatin/NAMPT as a Potential Risk Predictor for Malignancy of Adrenal Tumors

“…Adipose tissue works as an endocrine gland secreting adipocytokines such as resistin, leptin, adiponectin, and visfatin, affecting insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome [ 10 , 11 ]. There are not many studies specifying the role and contribution of adipocytokines in the biology of ACC [ 10 , 12 , 13 ]. Visfatin, also known as nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) or pre-B-cell-enhancing factor, is a novel adipocytokine expressed mostly in visceral adipose tissue, though detectable in most cell types such as macrophages, leucocytes, primary glial cells, or fibroblasts.…”