Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promote Angiogenesis and Tissue Formation for In Vivo Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Adult mesenchymal stem cells secrete a variety of angiogenic cytokines and growth factors, so we proposed that these paracrine mechanisms may be used to promote vascularization and growth for tissue engineering in vivo. We tested whether or not human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) promote tissue formation in rats. ASCs were evaluated in vitro for mRNA expression of angiogenic factors, including the vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, interleukin-8 (IL-8), and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and proliferative activity on human microvascular endothelial cells. For in vivo analysis, CM-DiI-labeled ASCs were implanted with a rat cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) extract-derived hydrogel into a chamber with a femoral arteriovenous loop in the groin of male nude rats for 7 days. Vascularization in newly generated tissue was estimated by histomorphometry after endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunostaining. ASCs expressed growth factor mRNA and produced an angiogenic activity in vitro. After implantation, ASCs survived, but remained suspended in the ECM and relatively few were incorporated into the newly formed tissue. The volume of newly generated tissue was significantly higher in chambers containing ASCs and it was enriched with vasculature when compared with the ECM alone. We conclude that human ASCs promote tissue growth and angiogenesis in the rat vascularized chamber, thereby showing promise for tissue-engineering applications for regenerative therapy.

Stimulating the Neurotrophic and Angiogenic Properties of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhances Nerve Repair

“…Our results showing an increased amount of RECA-1-positive staining in conduits supplemented with stem cells could be attributed to the high levels of VEGF and angiopoietin secreted by the stem cells. Other very recent studies have indicated that human ASC used in animal experimental models can promote tissue formation and enhance graft retention as a result of enhanced vascularity [77,78].…”

Pre-cultivation of adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments in porous scaffolds does not improve their in vivo vascularisation potential

“…This heterogeneous population of isolated multipotent stem cells, endothelial cells, pericytes and haematopoietic cells has been shown to assemble into microvascular networks when seeded onto different scaffold types Güven et al, 2011;Laschke et al, 2013;Klar et al, 2014). Moreover, the cells promote angiogenesis and vessel maturation by secreting various pro-angiogenic and regulatory proteins (Matsuda et al, 2013;Rohringer et al, 2014).…”

Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine in Rhinology: Review

“…AKMKH'lerin yeni epidermis oluşmasında, cilt yaşlanmasının engellenmesinde, anjiogenezisin hızlandırılmasında ve fibroblastların proliferasyonunda olumlu etkileri gösterilmiştir. 35,36 Sıçanlar üzerinde yapılan bir çalışmada, yara yü-zeyine uygulanan kök hücre ekilmiş farklı biyomateryallerin kök Hücre ekilmeden uygulanan gruplara göre epitelyal kalınlıkta ve ortalama kıl folikülü sayılarında anlamlı derecede farklı-lık izlenirken, kollajen deposunun diğer gruplara göre anlamlı olarak oldukça az olduğu gösteril-miştir. 37 Biyomateryaller üzerine ekilen AKMKH'lerin fibrovasküler, endotelyal ve epitelyal dokuların diferansiasyonuna olanak sağla-dığı için otolog deri grefti yapımında sıklıkla başvurulan kök hücre kaynağı olabileceği düşü-nülmektedir.…”