Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) has been defined as a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by progressive articular cartilage degeneration. Recently growing interest in regenerative medicine, using cell therapy and tissue engineering, where cellular components in combination with engineered scaffolds and bioactive materials were used to induce functional tissue regeneration. In the present study, nanofibrous scaffold based on chitosan (CS)/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were used to develop biologically functionalized biomaterial to mimic the extracellular matrix, allowing the human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) to proliferate and differentiate to chondrogenic cells. The morphology of the nanofibrous mat was examined using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE/SEM). The characteristic functional groups and the nature of the chemical bonds between atoms were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum. Characterization of the seeded cells was morphologically evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and by flow cytometry for the expression of the stem cell surface markers. The differentiation potential was verified after chondrogenic induction by analyzing the expression of chondrogenic marker genes using real-time (RT PCR). Current study suggest significant potential for the use of ADSCs with the nanofibrous scaffolds in improving the osteoarthritis pathology.

Synthesis, evaluation of mechanical properties of chitosan-PVA nanofibers scaffold properties with decellularized periodontal tissue

“…Although adding dECM causes the scaffolds to lose more weight, the presence of dECM makes these scaffolds suitable for special treatments in which long-term presence of membrane is not favorable such as PDL reconstructions. Opposite to present study, In a study by Jie Xu et al which shown the degradation rate of dECM/Gelatin/Chitosan scaffold was too much faster than PVA/Chitosan with dECM scaffolds [29].…”

Tailor-Made Single-Core PLGA Microbubbles as Acoustic Cavitation Enhancers for Therapeutic Applications

“…The MBs may contain residues of PVA molecules. PVA is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer and has been studied in various medical applications such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, and as a major component of the MB shell . Therefore, its presence in the final product should not impair the biocompatibility of the PLGA MBs.…”

Therapeutic potential of nanotechnology-based approaches in osteoarthritis

“…Bone MSCs promote tissue repair through paracrine under specific environments. Chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber scaffolds (CS/PVA scaffolds) can be used to simulate the extracellular matrix and facilitate the proliferation and differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes ( Nour-Eldeen et al, 2020 ).…”