Adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells and keratinocytes co‐culture on gelatin/chitosan/β‐glycerol phosphate nanoscaffold in skin regeneration

Abstract

Using cell-based engineered skin is an emerging strategy for treating difficult-to-heal wounds. To date, much endeavor has been devoted to the fabrication of appropriate scaffolds with suitable biomechanical properties to support cell viability and growth in the microenvironment of a wound. The aim of this research was to assess the impact of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and keratinocytes on gelatin/chitosan/β-glycerol phosphate (GCGP) nanoscaffold in full-thickness excisional skin wound healing of rats. For this purpose, AD-MSCs and keratinocytes were isolated from rats and GCGP nanoscaffolds were electrospun. Through an in vivo study, the percentage of wound closure was assessed on days 7, 14, and 21 after wound induction. Samples were taken from the wound sites in order to evaluate the density of collagen fibers and vessels at 7 and 14 days. Moreover, sampling was done on days 7 and 14 from wound sites to assess the density of collagen fibers and vessels. The wound closure rate was significantly increased in the keratinocytes-AD-MSCsscaffold (KMS) group compared with other groups. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor, collagen type 1, and CD34 were also significantly higher in the KMS group compared with the other groups. These results suggest that the combination of AD-MSCs and keratinocytes seeded onto GCGP nanoscaffold provides a promising treatment for wound healing. (M.G.M.) and ar-bahrami@um.ac.ir (A.R.B.)

Principal Criteria for Evaluating the Quality, Safety and Efficacy of hMSC-Based Products in Clinical Practice: Current Approaches and Challenges

“…They have a wide range of therapeutic applications and are quickly becoming a valuable tool for different pathologies such as cardiac, neurological and autoimmune diseases, skin lesions, cancer, etc. [3,4,5].…”

Epithelial differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) undergoing three-dimensional (3D) cultivation with collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) via an indirect co-culture strategy

“…Over the past years, major efforts have been done to produce biomaterial scaffolds suitable for tissue engineering, of which the main raw materials include (but not limited to) gelatin-hyaluronan, collagen, chitosan, etc. [32,46,[59][60][61] The typical one is bilayer artificial dermis commercially available, mainly composed of type I collagen, which are widely applied for scar-free wound healing [6]. However, it was unclear whether the 3D culture of ASCs on artificial dermis can be better transdifferentiated into keratinocytes and even whether different culture conditions would give birth to diverse effects.…”

“…Based on flow cytometry analysis, the positive expression of CD90 and CD44 and negative or low expression of CD11b, CD34, CD45, and HLADR markers were used as the characterization criteria [46] for hASCs. A total of 10 4 cells in passage 3 was resuspended in cold phosphatebuffered saline (PBS).…”

The Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Wound Repair and Regeneration

“…Therefore, a wound, depending on the extent of the injury, can heal in one/two weeks naturally, in a healthy skin. [13], [23], [26], [35] The epidermis in mammals consists in a stratified squamous epithelium that is maintained by the consecutive proliferation and differentiation of cells from the basal layer. As cells differentiate, they give rise to suprabasal cells, granular layer cells and enucleated corneocytes.…”

“…ASCs can differentiate into several lineages (chondrogenic, osteogenic, myogenic and adipogenic) as a feedback to specific stimuli. [23], [24] These cells are heterogeneous, pluripotent and are isolated using liposuction aspirates or excised fat samples. Therefore, they can be obtained with minimal donor morbidity.…”