Adipose Tissue Immune Response: Novel Triggers and Consequences for Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Ghigliotti, G; Barisione, Chiara; Garibaldi, Silvano; Fabbi, Patrizia; Brunelli, Claudio; Spallarossa, Paolo; Altieri, Paola; Rosa, Gianmarco; Spinella, Giovanni; Palombo, Domenico; Arsenescu, Razvan; Arsenescu, Violeta

doi:10.1007/s10753-014-9914-1

Cited by 158 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…106 C-reactive protein is a proinflammatory mediator and acute-phase protein, and its expression is increased as part of the low-level inflammatory response observed during obesity. 108 Cumulatively, these studies suggest a beneficial role for UVR exposure, although there may be differences in the capacity of certain individuals to respond that could be dependent on age, genetic background and/or UV irradiation exposure protocol. The possible suppressive effects of therapeutically delivered UVR on obesity and signs of type-2 diabetes are worthy of more in-depth investigation.…”

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes

Gorman

Lucas

Allen-Hall

et al. 2017

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes

Gorman

Lucas

Allen-Hall

et al. 2017

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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“…In obese individuals, the endocrine function of the adipose tissue is impaired and the adipocytes, as well as the pre-adipocytes, macrophages, and adipose stem cells, contribute to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (2). Both the hypertrophied adipocytes and other adipose tissue immune cells could lead to chronic inflammation through innate and adaptive immune responses (3). Additionally, the adipose tissue dysfunction is related to the development of co-morbidities such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and insulin resistance according to body composition in European adolescents: the HELENA study.

et al. 2017

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ResumenIntroducción: la inflamación está relacionada con la resistencia a la insulina en adultos, especialmente en individuos con altos valores de composición corporal. Objetivos: valorar la relación entre diferentes marcadores inflamatorios y la resistencia a la insulina según valores de composición corporal en adolescentes europeos. Material y métodos: novecientos sesenta y dos adolescentes (442 chicos y 520 chicas) de nueve países europeos cumplían el criterio de inclusión de tener medidos la evaluación del modelo de homeostasis (HOMA) y diferentes marcadores inflamatorios: proteína C-reactiva (PCR), factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-α), interleukina (IL-6), factores de complemento C3 y C4 y moléculas de adhesión. El índice de masa corporal (IMC), el índice de masa grasa (IMG) y la circunferencia de cintura (CC) se categorizaron en tertiles. Para valorar las asociaciones por índices de composición corporal se realizó ANOVA y regresión. Resultados: las concentraciones de los marcadores diferían entre los tertiles de IMC, IMG y CC (p < 0,05), por sexo. En ambos sexos, insulina, HOMA, PCR, C3 y C4 fueron significativamente diferentes entre categorías (p < 0,001), presentando la mayor concentración en la categoría superior de IMC, IMG y CC. El resultado más consistente para los adolescentes del tertil superior de IMC, IMG y CC fue la asociación entre resistencia a la insulina y concentraciones de C3 (p < 0,05), excepto para IMG en chicas. Conclusión: los marcadores del metabolismo inflamatorio y de la glucosa diferían según tertiles de composición corporal, siendo mayores en el tertil superior. El C3 se asoció con resistencia a la insulina en adolescentes, especialmente en aquellos con adiposidad total y abdominal. AbstractIntroduction: Inflammation is related to insulin resistance in adults, especially on those individuals with high levels of body composition. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between a set of inflammatory biomarkers and insulin resistance by levels of body composition in a sample of European adolescents. Material and methods: Nine hundred and sixty-two adolescents (442 boys and 520 girls) from nine European countries met the inclusion criteria of having measurements for the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and a set of inflammation-related biomarkers: C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6), complement factors C3 and C4 and selected cell adhesion molecules. Body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI) and waist circumference (WC) were categorized using tertiles. To assess the associations stratifying by body composition indexes, ANOVA and linear regression models were performed. Results: Mean biomarkers' concentrations differed across BMI, FMI and WC tertiles (p < 0.05) by sex. In both sexes, insulin, HOMA, CRP, C3 and C4 were significantly different between categories (p < 0.001), always showing the highest mean concentration in the upper category of BMI, FMI and WC. The most consistent finding was an association betw...

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“…O comportamento sedentário e os maus hábitos alimentares estão associados com o desenvolvimento da inflamação crônica de baixo grau, a qual é um processo metabólico característico de diversas doenças crônicas degenerativas e/ou não transmissíveis (DCNTs), como obesidade (Ghigliotti et al, 2014), resistência insulínica e diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (Chen, Chen, Wang, & Liang, 2015), dislipidemias (Antunes et al, 2015), câncer (Seelaender, Batista, Lira, Silverio, & RossiFanelli, 2012), aterosclerose (Husain, Hernandez, Ansai, & Ferder, 2015), entre outras, que modifica drasticamente o funcionamento das células imunológicas bem como o metabolismo energético do organismo.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Immunometabolism and Exercise: New avenues

et al. 2017

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ARTIGO DE REVISÃO | REVIEW ARTICLE RESUMOSistema imunológico e metabolismo celular interagem constantemente por meio de proteínas imunomoduladoras, denominadas citocinas, a fim de manter a dinâmica e a comunicação entre os sistemas sendo, na atualidade, amplamente difundido nas diversas áreas do conhecimento, principalmente no campo da saúde, como Imunometabolismo. As principais doenças do século 21 caracterizam-se por apresentar processos inflamatórios bem definidos os quais favorecem o agravamento da doença e a instalação de comorbidades associadas à alteração metabólica. Em linhas gerais, a resposta inflamatória está associada a dieta inadequada e sedentarismo, alterando a dinâmica metabólica entre citocinas, ácidos graxos e endotoxina e ativando, assim, fatores de transcrição gênica, como o NF-kB. Por outro lado, a prática regular de exercício físico é amplamente recomendada como potente ferramenta na prevenção e tratamento de distúrbios metabólicos em virtude de seu poder anti-inflamatório e anti-aterogênico por meio da produção de miocinas advindas do músculo-esquelético e com atuação anti-inflamatória, como a IL-6, provenientes dos estímulos gerados pela contração muscular, e ativação de proteínas e fatores de transcrição gênica, como o PPAR. Desta forma, o objetivo da presente revisão é contextualizar e difundir os principais conceitos de uma emergente área do conhecimento, o Imunometabolismo, caracterizando sua função e atuação nos campos da doença e da saúde por meio da prática do exercício físico. Palavras-chave: Inflamação, Metabolismo, Imunometabolismo, Citocinas, Exercício Físico ABSTRACT Immune system and cell metabolism have been interacted constantly, by synthesis and release of immunomodulatory proteins, recognized as cytokines, in order to maintain the body homeostasis. The "crosstalk" between systems has been widely spread in several areas of knowledge, mainly in the health field, as Immunometabolism. Diseases of the 21 st century, which affect world populations, are characterized by inflammatory processes favoring the worsening of the illness itself and the installation of other comorbidities. In general, the inflammatory response is associated with poor diet and physical inactivity, which modify the metabolic dynamics among cytokines, fatty acids and endotoxin culminating in reaction cascades, activating gene transcription factors, such as NF-kB. Furthermore, regular physical exercise is widely recommended as a powerful tool at the prevention and treatment of several metabolic diseases in virtue of anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic capacity, through anti-inflammatory myokine production, such as IL-6, from the stimuli generated by muscle contraction and proteins and gene transcription factors activation, as PPAR, which increase the anti-inflammatory response. Thus, the purpose of this review is to contextualize and disseminate knowledge about an emerging area, the Immunometabolism, featuring its function and performance in the illness and health fields by physical exercise.

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Adipose Tissue Immune Response: Novel Triggers and Consequences for Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Cited by 158 publications

References 153 publications

Ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes

Ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes

Inflammation and insulin resistance according to body composition in European adolescents: the HELENA study.

Immunometabolism and Exercise: New avenues

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