Aditivos (ionóforos, antibióticos não ionóforos e probióticos) em dietas com altos teores de concentrado para tourinhos da raça Nelore em terminação

Abstract

Additives (ionophores, non ionophores antibiotics and probiotics) for Nellore bulls fed high concentrate diets Two trials were conducted at the ESALQ/USP Animal Science Department experimental feedlot to evaluate the effect of different feed additives in feedlot finished cattle. The animals were fed with 78.1% ground corn, 12% Tifton hay, 6% sugarcane molasses, 2.5% mineral, 1.4% urea and the respective additives. The first trial had 134 Nellore bulls with an average of 24 months and 330 Kg of initial body weight, allocated in 24 pens for 102 days. Treatments were: 1) Control (without additive), 2) Monensin (30 ppm), 3) Monensin (20 ppm) + Virginiamycin (15 ppm), 4) Monensin (30 ppm) + Virginiamycin (15 ppm), 5) Virginiamicyn (17 ppm), 6) Salinomicyn (13 ppm) + Virginiamicyn (15 ppm). The second trial had 93 Nellore bulls with an average of 24 months and 320 Kg of initial body weight, allocated in 16 pens for 109 days. Treatments were: 1) Control (without additive), 2) Monensin (30 ppm), 3) Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 10g/animal/day-10 9 UFC/g, 4) Combination of probiotic microorganisms: Bifidobacterium bifidum (3.33 x 10 6 UFC/g), Lactobacillus acidophilus (3.33 x 10 6 UFC/g), Lactobacillus plantarum (1.66 x 10 6 UFC/g), Enterococcus faecium (1.66 x 10 6 UFC/g) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (3.33 x 10 5 UFC/g)-FLORAFORT ® 3g/animal/day. In the first trial, the results showed that monensin alone or in combination with virginiamycin decreased (P<0.1) dry matter intake (9.89; 9.20; 9.29; 8.98; 9.76; 9.85). The average daily gain(1.33; 1.33; 1.39; 1.44; 1.45; 1.49) was not affected by the treatments (P>0.05). In comparison to the control diet, the monensin (30 ppm) + virginiamycin (15 ppm) supplementation increased feed efficiency (P<0.05). The use of antibiotic additives was effective (P<0.05) to increase the diet energy values (1.05; 1.14; 1.17; 1.26; 1.15; 1.16). In the second trial, monensin decreased dry matter intake (P<0.1) in comparison to the other treatments (9.35; 8.25; 9.33; 9.20). Average daily gain, feed efficiency and diet energy density were not affected by monensin and probiotics (P>0.05).

Effect of monensin sodium associative to virginiamycin and/or essential oils on the performance of feedlot finished steers

“…The carcass yield and final weight of confinement weight data of the present study corroborate with those found by Sitta (2011), in Nelore steers finished with MO and with MO+VI. However for the same fat thickness found no significant difference.…”

“…Sitta (2011) states that the VI has a greater ability to ruminal microbiota manipulation, taking with it a better control on lactate production and a decrease in methane production, generating lower energy losses, explaining the fact that the treatments VI get better results in this study.…”

“…MO+EO the association also showed no difference (P> 0.05) in relation to the treatment of MO, being less numerically only weighing 96 days (1,329kg versus 1,266kg). Sitta (2011), which obtained an increase of 8.27% of Nelore bulls diets high concentrate content and only consumed MO than those who were fed MO+VI. Already Ferreira et al (2015), with grazing cattle with inclusion of virginiamycin, obtained an increase of 25.5% in weight gain compared to the control group (without additive).…”

“…According to Sitta (2011), the explanation for the variation in the results related to additives for intake of dry matter is directly related to the proportion of concentration in the diet, the type of protein used and its utilization by animals and the quality of the consumed roughage.…”

Growth performance and safety of meat from cattle feedlot finished with salinomycin in the diet

“…In a literature review, Sitta (2011) also demonstrated that the use of monensin for bovines in feedlot reduced on average 6.33% of DDMI and 1.8% of ADG, and improved FC by 5.64%. Conversely, salinomycin use reduced DDMI by 3.15%, increased ADG by 1.19%, and increased FC by 4.44%.…”