Adjustable Wind Farm Frequency Support Through Multi-Terminal HVDC Grids

Mehrabankhomartash, Mahmoud; Saeedifard, Maryam; Yazdani, Amirnaser

doi:10.1109/tste.2021.3049762

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Ref. [12][13][14][15][16][17], concentrate on the frequency support of offshore wind farms to AC grids, and the transmission loss change caused by the wind power change is not considered. The transmission loss change in the MTDC system is balanced by the constant DC voltage station or the droop controlled station.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of wind farms providing frequency support to AC grids with limited information exchange is discussed in [16]. Two approaches are proposed for frequency support by wind turbines in [17]. Different from other methods, the two approaches proposed in [17] have two functions at the same time, one is to reduce the rate of change of frequency, and the other is to improve the second frequency drop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Joint primary frequency regulation strategy for asynchronous power grids connected by a VSC‐MTDC system

Wang

Zhang

2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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Asynchronous interconnection will reduce the inertia of each grid, and it is difficult for a small inertia grid to maintain frequency stability under the fluctuation of new energy or load. In order to improve the frequency stability of asynchronous power grids connected by a voltage source converters based multi-terminal direct current (VSC-MTDC) system, a joint primary frequency regulation (JPFR) strategy is proposed in this paper. The main principle of the proposed JPFR strategy is firstly to formulate frequency regulation protocols (FRPs) between asynchronous power grids. Next, an improved analytical steady-state model of the VSC-MTDC system is adopted. The improved model can calculate the power reference of each VSC according to the FRP, avoiding the impact on the grid not participating in the protocol. Then, based on the sequential search method, the results of the improved model are modified to prevent overload. Finally, simulations of a four-terminal VSC-MTDC system are carried out for validating the proposed JPFR strategy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint primary frequency regulation strategy for asynchronous power grids connected by a VSC‐MTDC system

Wang

Zhang

2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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“…The authors in [11] proposed a coo7rdinated active and reactive power control scheme for wind farms based on model predictive control (MPC). In [12][13][14][15], the authors proposed an operation plan in certain wind integration systems utilizing controllable devices to improve system stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Reactive Power Allocation Method for Radial Structure Wind Farm Considering Multiple Connections

et al. 2022

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In recent years, the number of wind farms consisting of type 3 and type 4 wind turbines located within the distribution system has been growing rapidly. Wind turbines can be utilized as a continuous reactive power source to support the system voltage by taking advantage of their reactive power control capability. This paper aims to further develop the reactive power assignment strategy in order to minimize losses in wind farms described in the published paper. We introduce the method of reconfiguration and numbering to apply the algorithm to the wind farm structure and develop the previously-defined allocation ratio into two types of allocation ratios. The goal is to apply the loss minimization algorithm to a wind farm configuration with up to two wind turbines connected to one ring main unit (RMU). The proposed strategy reduces power loss and increases the real power flow in the wind farm by allocating reactive power to connected wind turbines taking into account the resistance value. The proposed allocation technique is validated in a Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS)-based Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation (HILS) environment considering the Dongbok wind farm configuration in Jeju, South Korea. In the simulation, a Raspberry Pi acts as a wind farm controller sending a reactive power dispatch signal to each wind turbine via Modbus TCP/IP protocol. The simulation results mean that, applying the proposed algorithm, we can expect loss reduction effects in the wind farm.

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“…Therefore, there is a need for further research into the principles and methods of FR for UHVDC systems involved in the sending-end system. In Reference [19], a control strategy to engage offshore wind farms through multi-terminal HVDC grids for frequency support is proposed. In Reference [20], an auxiliary frequency control strategy with additional frequency control and automatic generation control for HVDC transmission is proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Sending-End Power System Frequency Regulation via UHVDC

Shi

Liu

et al. 2021

Electronics

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The continuous improvement of new energy penetration reduces the inertia of the system, which leads to the frequency deviation and the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) being easily exceeded. To improve the frequency stability of sending-end power systems with large-scale renewable energy access via ultra-high voltage direct current (UHVDC), the coordinated frequency control for UHVDC participating in system frequency regulation (FR) including primary FR and system inertial response is presented. Based on the simplified system model, the mechanism of UHVDC participation in system frequency support and its influence on receiving-end system frequency response characteristics are analyzed. Compared with the inertia response and primary FR of traditional synchronous generators, the parameter calculating method of UHVDC coordinated frequency response control is proposed. Based on the system root trajectory analysis, the influence of the frequency response control parameters on the sending-end system’s stability is analyzed, and the constraints of UHVDC participating in the system frequency response control are analyzed. Then, based on the RTDS verification platform containing the Lingshao ±800 kV UHVDC control and protection system, the system frequency response characteristics under different control strategies, operating conditions and control parameters are verified and analyzed. The experimental results show that the UHVDC frequency coordinated control can effectively increase the equivalent inertia of the sending-end system, restrain the RoCoF and the frequency deviation, and increase the FR capability of the UHVDC system.

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Adjustable Wind Farm Frequency Support Through Multi-Terminal HVDC Grids

Cited by 39 publications

References 24 publications

Joint primary frequency regulation strategy for asynchronous power grids connected by a VSC‐MTDC system

Joint primary frequency regulation strategy for asynchronous power grids connected by a VSC‐MTDC system

Development of Reactive Power Allocation Method for Radial Structure Wind Farm Considering Multiple Connections

Coordinated Sending-End Power System Frequency Regulation via UHVDC

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