Adjuvant activities of aVibrio salmonicidabacterin on T-dependent and T-independent antigens in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Hoel, Kristian; Olstad, Gudmund H.; Lillehaug, Atle

doi:10.1006/fsim.1997.0132

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Teleosts are also believed to show typical T-cell dependent and T-cell independent antibody responses and to distinguish between haptenated and non-haptenated proteins. A T-cell independent antibody response, for example against polymeric structures like LPS, is low 84 compared to the antibody response to T-cell dependent antigens like proteins (Miller & Clem, 1984;Miller et al, 1985;Hoel et al, 1998). Vaccination of cod using formalin-killed Vibrio anguillarum or V. salmonicida produced good specific protection against these pathogens (Espelid et al, 1991;Schrøder et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Immune parameters of immunised cod ( L.)

Magnadóttir

Jónsdóttir

Helgason

et al. 2001

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Immune parameters of immunised cod ( L.)

Magnadóttir

Jónsdóttir

Helgason

et al. 2001

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…We suspect this was mainly because of stimulation of non‐specific immune mechanisms by the bacterial antigen components in the vaccine formulation. Hoel, Holstad & Lillehaug (1998) ascribed such non‐specific effects mainly to the V. salmonicida component of multivalent, oil‐adjuvanted vaccines. In theory, an adjuvant effect may also be related to the M. viscosa antigen that was included in vaccine NC‐6 but not in the reference vaccine NC‐4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field validation of experimental challenge models for IPN vaccines

Ramstad

Romstad

Knappskog

et al. 2007

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Atlantic salmon S1/2 pre-smolts from the VESO Vikan hatchery were assigned to study groups, i.p. immunized with commercially available, multivalent oil-adjuvanted vaccines with (Norvax Compact 6 - NC-6) or without (Norvax Compact 4 - NC-4) recombinant infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) antigen. A control group received saline solution. When ready for sea, the fish were transported to the VESO Vikan experimental laboratory, where two identical tanks were stocked with 75 fish per group before being transferred to 10 degrees C sea water and exposed by bath to first passage IPNV grown in CHSE-214 cells. The third tank containing 40 fish from each group was challenged by the introduction of 116 fish that had received an i.p injection of IPNV-challenge material. The remaining vaccinated fish were transported to the VESO Vikan marine field trial site and placed in two identical pens, each containing approximately 53 000 fish from the NC-6 group and 9000 fish from the NC-4 group. In the experimental bath challenge trial, the cumulative mortality was 75% and 78% in the control groups, and the relative percentage survival (RPS) of the NC-6-immunized fish vs. the reference vaccine groups was 60% and 82%, respectively. In the cohabitation challenge, the control mortality reached 74% and the IPNV-specific vaccine RPS was 72%. In both models, the reference vaccine lacking IPNV antigen gave a moderate but statistically significant non-specific protection. In the field, a natural outbreak of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) occurred after 7 weeks lasting for approximately 3.5 months before problems due to winter ulcers became dominating. During this outbreak, mortality in the NC-4 groups were 33.5% and 31.6%, respectively, whereas mortality in the NC-6 groups were 6.9% and 5.3%, respectively, amounting to 81% IPNV-specific protection. In conclusion, the IPN protection estimates obtained by experimental challenges were consistent between tanks, and were confirmed by the field results.

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Vibrios

Austin¹,

Austin²

2016

Bacterial Fish Pathogens

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Adjuvant activities of aVibrio salmonicidabacterin on T-dependent and T-independent antigens in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Immune parameters of immunised cod ( L.)

Immune parameters of immunised cod ( L.)

Field validation of experimental challenge models for IPN vaccines

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