Adjuvant effects of various lipopeptides and interferon-γ on the humoral immune response of chickens

Abstract

The adjuvant effects of various lipopeptides and recombinant chicken interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) on the humoral immune response of laying hens was investigated in four immunization studies. We used the lipopeptide Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4 (PCSL), the conjugate P-Th1 consisting of the lipopeptide P3CS and the T-helper epitope Th1 (FISEAIIHVLHSRHPG), and the conjugate P-Th2 of the lipopeptide P3CSS and the T-helper epitope Th2, which corresponds to the peptide EWEFVNTPPLV, as adjuvants. Human serum albumin (HSA), recombinant bovine somatotropin (RBST), and human immunoglobulin G (IgG) served as antigens in the different experiments. All tested adjuvants enhanced the humoral immune response with various intensities. Chickens showed high antibody titers after the immunization with HSA even without adjuvant, but the adjuvant effects of PCSL and the combination of PCSL and recombinant chicken interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were much more pronounced using the antigens RBST and IgG. Especially after the third immunization, higher titers of antibodies were induced by the coadministration of P-Th1 and, to a greater extent, by the combination of PCSL and P-Th1 compared with the use of PCSL. Also, chickens that had received PCSL and P-Th2 showed the highest immune response, even after the second booster. The average concentrations of chicken immunoglobulin Y were significantly higher in 5-mo-old chickens (9.4 mg/mL serum and 10.1 mg/mL egg yolk) compared with 9-mo-old chickens (5.9 mg/mL serum and 5.1 mg/mL egg yolk). The specific serum antibody response was higher in the older chickens than in the younger chickens. Because chicken antibodies are likely to be used increasingly for diagnostic and therapy in the future, lipopeptides and recombinant chicken IFN-gamma may find many applications as adjuvants, thus contributing to the welfare of experimental animals.

Diagnostics of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid antigen using chicken immunoglobulin Y

“…It was also shown that IgY was relatively stable under different conditions, including heat, pressure, alkalinity, acidity (> pH 3.5), and in the presence of proteolytic enzymes, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin (Shimizu et al, 1992). Therefore, the ability to produce high amounts of antigen-specific IgY with reasonably high stability makes production of IgY against various viral antigens a viable option to be used in diagnostics (Erhard et al, 2000), antibiotic-alternative therapy (Carlander et al, 2000), and therapeutics (Schade et al, 2007).…”

The use of immunostimulants in fish larval aquaculture

“…It has been suggested that compounds with different degree of acylation may bind different receptor complexes and this may result in different gene activation [13]. Triacetylated lipopeptide has been shown to act as an adjuvant, initiating a specific immune response in chickens resulting in increased antibody titres against the immunising antigens [21]. Zebrafish and pufferfish TLR1 equivalents have been reported [14e16] and are expressed at low levels in zebrafish muscle and heart.…”

Cytokines of Birds: Conserved Functions—A Largely Different Look

“…together with IFN-g and a synthetic lipopeptide but not with cytokine alone. (149) Antibody and T cell proliferative responses to immunization with MDV glycoprotein B were strongly enhanced when latex microspheres coated with rIL-2 were coinjected with antigen into 3-week-old chickens. (150) Few studies have assessed the immunomodulatory activity of plasmid-expressed cytokines.…”