“…T he study of voting technology, ballots, and election administration, the subject of occasional work throughout the history of the disci-pline (Allen 1906;Harris 1929;Bain and Hecock 1957;Walker 1966;Taebel 1975), has again become a significant focus of political science research. Since the disputed 2000 presidential election, scholars have examined ballot layout, public opinion toward voting systems and the voting process, the usability of voting systems and their impact on voter errors, the effects of polling place arrangements and poll worker quality on the voting experience, the availability and impact of convenience voting, and numerous related topics (see Lausen 2007;Alvarez, Hall, and Llewellyn 2008;Birch 2008;Claassen 2008Claassen et al 2008Stein et al 2008;Meredith and Malhotra 2011;Pew 2012;Herrnson et al 2013;Burden et al 2014;Burden and Stewart 2014;Bowler et al 2015;Burden and Milyo 2015;Hale, Montjoy, and Brown 2015;King and Barnes 2019). However, relatively unstudied is why voting institutions and procedures differ across the states and the roles of political parties in establishing and perpetuating the practices that characterize the conduct of elections.…”