“…While structural components, characterized by their stability and observability within the organization, do not consistently contribute to a positive impact on citizen satisfaction (Amirkhanyan et al, 2014; Walker et al, 2011), dynamic processes, which are less physically observable but play a crucial role in organizational management and service delivery to citizens, have shown positive effects. These positive process-related factors include a reduction in administrative costs (Barnes & Petry, 2021; Tran & Dollery, 2021), fairness in decision-making processes (Herian et al, 2012), communication effectiveness (Ho & Cho, 2017), efficiency (Shingler et al, 2008), decreased red tape (Tummers et al, 2016), and innovation (Vigoda-Gadot et al, 2008).…”