Admission Balance and Outcomes of Patients Admitted for Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation1

Abstract

The objective of the study contained herein was to evaluate the clinical use of the Berg Balance Scale in a heterogeneous acute inpatient rehabilitation population and to assess the relationship between balance scores at admission and rehabilitation outcomes, including functional gain and length of stay. This was a prospective study of 45 patients with diagnoses including stroke (n = 15), traumatic brain injury (n = 19), and other impairments (n = 11) who were admitted for acute inpatient rehabilitation. Functional ability was evaluated with the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) instrument, and balance was measured using the 14-item Berg Balance Scale. These measures were assessed both at admission to and discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between balance and functional ability scores at admission and rehabilitation outcomes at discharge, including length of stay, functional gain, and efficiency. Analyses of variance comparing impairment groups indicated that patients with traumatic brain injury were younger than the stroke and other groups, but there were no group differences on FIM or balance scores at admission or discharge. There were no significant group differences for any of the outcome measures. When the impairment groups were collapsed into a single heterogeneous group, multiple regression analyses demonstrated that the sitting unsupported item score at admission accounted for 27% of the variation in length of stay, once demographic influences were controlled. The FIM efficiency score was predicted best by the total Berg Balance Scale score, with 22% of the variance accounted for. In contrast, balance scores did not provide predictive information about the FIM gain score beyond that already provided by the FIM-Total score at admission, which accounted for 10% of the variance once demographics were controlled. Balance scores collected at admission to inpatient rehabilitation, in whole and in part, were shown to account for moderate amounts of variation in length of stay and the FIM efficiency score. For several of the rehabilitation outcomes, balance scores at admission accounted for more variation than scores on the FIM instrument. These findings suggest that routine assessment of balance at admission to inpatient rehabilitation may enhance the ability to predict rehabilitation outcomes beyond that provided by assessment of functional status alone.

Post-stroke motor and functional evaluations: a clinical correlation using Fugl-Meyer assessment scale, Berg balance scale and Barthel index

“…So, at the dressing activity even with the balance compromised, the patient can perform this task lying down and not impeding this one to be performed. The ability of maximum leaning for both sides and forward and also the symmetrical sitting was not strongly correlated to the function 24 .…”

“…However Nichols et al reported that even after two (2) weeks into intensive rehabilitation, there were no significant correlation between the postural control measures and FIM scores 24 .…”

“…In this study, a relationship between the Berg Balance Scale and the Barthel Index could not be observed, which contradicts the fin-dings from Berg et al, which reported an intense correlation between the scores obtained in both scales for individuals with stroke 2 . Nichols et al reported in their study that patients with hemiparesis could learn compensatory strategies to control their balance 24 . The patients can perform functional activities adapting themselves to the imposed conditions given by the impairment.…”

Motor impairment after severe traumatic brain injury: A longitudinal multicenter study

“…Duong and colleagues subsequently replicated this finding in a larger sample [5]. Several investigators have reported that early balance impairment predicts worse outcome at rehabilitation discharge [27][28][29]. Early residual motor impairment may also be associated with poorer vocational outcome after severe TBI.…”

Assessment of Balance in Patients with Stroke

“…Statik dengenin hastanede yat›fl süresi ve lokomotor fonksiyonla iliflkisi çeflitli çal›flmalarda araflt›r›lm›flt›r (9,21,(38)(39)(40)(41) Günlük yaflam aktivitelerinde; yürüme, transfer ve uzanma gibi aktivitelerin gerçeklefltirilebilmesi için oturma ve ayakta durma s›ras›nda dengenin korunmas› gereklidir. Gövde ve ekstremite kaslar› otomatik postüral cevaplar›n koordinasyonu ve regülasyonunda yer al›rlar.…”