Adolescent Defense Style and Life Stressors

Araujo, Katy; Ryst, Erika; Steiner, Hans

doi:10.1023/a:1022666908235

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Subsequent studies using observer ratings to assess defense use among both psychiatric and non-clinic youths defenses, yielded a similar adaptive hierarchy to Vaillant's [6,13]. These results were similar to those of other studies using self-report measures among clinic and nonclinic youths to assess broad range of 21 defenses [14,15]. Finally, in a cross-sectional study of 1,400 youths and 388 adults, a new self-report measure of defense, the REM-71, revealed a 2-factor defense organization across age and gender, extending a continuous developmental trajectory of defenses from age 14 to 89 [5].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Specifically, an increase in reality distortion due to defensive maneuvers will be associated with greater levels of anxiety and less adaptive psychosocial functioning [5] Regarding anxiety, since defense is postulated to be a means of containing negative affect, and since, among adolescents, an increase in external stressors is accompanied by an increase in dependence on more "immature" defenses, we hypothesize a similar finding in this younger age group. Specifically, that defenses considered less adaptive will be positively correlated with anxiety, while more adaptive defenses will show no correlation [15]. Finally, regarding social desirability and defense, we expect to find no relationship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Assessing Defense Structure in School-Age Children Using the Response Evaluation Measure-71-Youth Version (REM-Y-71)

Araujo

Medic

Yasnovsky

et al. 2006

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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This study used the Response Evaluation Measure-Youth (REM-Y-71), a self-report measure of 21 defense reactions, among school-age children. Participants were elementary and middle school students (n = 290; grades 3-8; age range: 8-15; mean = 11.73). Factor analysis revealed a 2-factor defense structure consistent with structure among high school and adult samples. The composite REM-Y defense scores for each factor were significant predictors of social desirability, using the Children's Defensiveness Scale (CDS); anxiety, using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC); and psychosocial functioning. This study represents the first cross-sectional empirical analysis of overall defense structure and use among children and early adolescents.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Assessing Defense Structure in School-Age Children Using the Response Evaluation Measure-71-Youth Version (REM-Y-71)

Araujo

Medic

Yasnovsky

et al. 2006

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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“…23,51,53 Stressful events can induce regression to inferior defensive styles and coping. 54,55,56 This population might have an atypical age-related evolution in the use of coping and defense mechanisms that require further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelation Between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multicenter Study

Panfil

Frandeș

Nireştean

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The challenges faced by professionals when working in the field of psychiatry require the development of adequate defensive and coping mechanisms. This study aimed to explore both coping strategies and defense mechanisms and their relationship in psychiatry trainees in Romania.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine and evaluate both defensive and coping mechanisms of Romanian psychiatry trainees. Defensive Style Questionnaire-60 and COPE scale were applied to psychiatry trainees from five training centers in Romania. By applying structural equation modeling, models that presumed the existence of relationships between coping strategies and defensive mechanisms were analyzed. Results: Superior defense mechanisms and task-oriented coping strategies were the commonly used approaches by psychiatry trainees. Furthermore, significantly consistent correlations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5) between adaptive defense mechanisms and coping strategies focused on the problem or emotion were shown. Similarly, avoidant coping strategies correlated with non-adaptive defense mechanisms (correlations between 0.3 and 0.5). Our model presented good fit indices (X2(34) = 64.324, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; root mean square error = 0.08). Moreover, the results indicated a weak association between the two types of adaptive processes (r = 0.07, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Psychiatry trainees present a profile based on two independent groups of adaptation processes, namely, adaptive defenses and problem-oriented coping scales and non-adaptive defenses and avoidant coping scales.

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“…Stressful events can induce a regression to inferior defensive styles and coping 55 . The exposure to elements of this profession can, therefore, contribute to the dynamic of strategies used for coping and defense in a negative way without strategic interventions 56,57 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelation between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multi-Centric Study

Panfil

Frandeș

Nireştean

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The challenges that a professional face when working in the field of psychiatry require the development of adequate defensive and coping styles. Aims To explore the coping strategies, the defense mechanisms and their relationship among psychiatry trainees in Romania. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine and to evaluate both defensive and coping styles of Romanian psychiatry trainees. DSQ-60 and COPE scales were applied to psychiatry trainees from five training centers in Romania. By applying structural equation modeling, we studied models that presumed the existence of relationships between coping strategies and defensive mechanisms. Results The results of the study indicate that defense mechanisms and task-oriented coping style were the commonly used approach by trainees in psychiatry. In addition, our findings show significantly consistent correlations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5) between adaptive defense mechanisms and coping styles focused on the problem, or on the emotion. Similarly, the avoidant coping strategies correlated with defense styles that are not adaptive (correlations between 0.3 and 0.5). Our model presented good fit indices, X2(34) = 50.519, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; RMSE = 0.08. Moreover, the results indicated a weak association, r = 0.01, p < 0.001, between the two types of adaptive processes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that trainees in psychiatry present aprofile based on two independent groups of adaptation processes, namely, adaptive defenses and problem-oriented coping scales, and non-adaptive defenses and avoidant coping scales.

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Adolescent Defense Style and Life Stressors

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Assessing Defense Structure in School-Age Children Using the Response Evaluation Measure-71-Youth Version (REM-Y-71)

Assessing Defense Structure in School-Age Children Using the Response Evaluation Measure-71-Youth Version (REM-Y-71)

Interrelation Between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multicenter Study

Interrelation between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multi-Centric Study

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