Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Weinstein, Stuart L.; Dolan, Lori A.; Cheng, Jack C. Y.; Danielsson, Anna; Morcuende, José A.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60658-3

Cited by 1,121 publications

(917 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Fourth, the incidences of neural axis abnormalities may be different between patients with and without abnormal neurologic findings on physical examination. Inoue et al evaluated 250 patients who were classified as having ''idiopathic'' scoliosis at first presentation and admitted for spinal surgery, finding that 26 (57 %) of 46 patients with abnormal neurologic signs and 18 (9 %) of 204 patients without abnormal neurologic signs had neural axis abnormalities on MRI [1]. Obviously, abnormal neurologic findings were highly related to neural axis abnormalities [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnosis of IS is one of exclusion, and should be made after excluding other underlying etiologic factors including neuromuscular or skeletal congenital anomalies, or inflammatory or demyelinizing processes [1,2]. In some patients with neural axis abnormalities, scoliosis could be the only clinical sign, and would always be falsely classified as an ''idiopathic'' form [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indication for preoperative MRI of neural axis abnormalities in patients with presumed thoracolumbar/lumbar idiopathic scoliosis

Qiao

Zhu

et al. 2012

Eur Spine J

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indication for preoperative MRI of neural axis abnormalities in patients with presumed thoracolumbar/lumbar idiopathic scoliosis

Qiao

Zhu

et al. 2012

Eur Spine J

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“…For patients with a Cobb angle of more than 30°the prevalence ratio gets as high as 10:1 [23,[32][33][34][35][36][37]. The prevalence of severe scoliosis is much higher for girls than for boys; however, Weijun [38] reports a higher prevalence of atypical curve types in boys with Cobb angles of more than 20°than in girls, and a higher risk of progression in the main thoracic right convex curve.…”

Section: Prevalence According To Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Konieczny

Senyurt

Krauspe

2013

Journal of Children's Orthopaedics

806

550

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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common disease with an overall prevalence of 0.47-5.2 % in the current literature. The female to male ratio ranges from 1.5:1 to 3:1 and increases substantially with increasing age. In particular, the prevalence of curves with higher Cobb angles is substantially higher in girls than in boys: The female to male ratio rises from 1.4:1 in curves from 10°to 20°up to 7.2:1 in curves [40°. Curve pattern and prevalence of scoliosis is not only influenced by gender, but also by genetic factors and age of onset. These data obtained from school screening programs have to be interpreted with caution, since methods and cohorts of the different studies are not comparable as age groups of the cohorts and diagnostic criteria differ substantially. We do need data from studies with clear standards of diagnostic criteria and study protocols that are comparable to each other.

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“…Eventually, particularly in early-onset forms, cardiopulmonary problems are feared, although the severity of these conditions and their effects on overall health is very variable (Asher and Burton, 2006;Weinstein et al, 2008).…”

Section: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is only one review that affirmed the diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis based on the observation of "both thoracic asymmetry and vertebral fracture" (Lovejoy, 2005: 103). Yet vertebral fracture is not known to lead to idiopathic scoliosis (Weinstein et al, 2008), and a recent analysis of the KNM-WT 15000 axial skeleton found no evidence for fractured vertebrae Scoliosis in the Nariokotome boy skeleton reassessed 4 (Haeusler et al, 2011). Moreover, no substantial asymmetry of the rib cage remains after a realignment of the ribs (Haeusler et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting scoliosis in the KNM-WT 15000 Homo erectus skeleton

Schiess¹,

Boeni²,

Rühli³

et al. 2014

Journal of Human Evolution

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Owing to its completeness, the 1.5 million year old Nariokotome boy skeleton KNM-WT 15000 is central for understanding skeletal biology of Homo erectus. Nevertheless, since Latimer and Ohman (2001, Axial dysplasia in Homo erectus. J Hum Evol 40:A12) reported on asymmetries and distortions of Nariokotome boy's axial skeleton suggesting adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, possibly associated with congenital skeletal dysplasia, it is questionable whether it still can be used as reference for Homo erectus. Recently, however, the presence of skeletal dysplasia has been refuted. Here, we present a morphologic and morphometric reanalysis of the assertion of idiopathic scoliosis. We demonstrate that unarticulated vertebral columns of non-scoliotic and scoliotic individuals can be distinguished based on the lateral deviation of the spinous process, lateral and sagittal wedging, vertebral body torsion, pedicle thickness asymmetry and asymmetry of the superior and inferior articular facet area. A principal component analysis of the overall asymmetry of all seven vertebral shape variables groups KNM-WT 15000 within non-scoliotic modern humans. An anomaly of vertebrae T1-T2 is compatible with a short left convex curve at the uppermost thoracic region, possibly due to injury or local growth dysbalance. Asymmetries of the facet joints L3-L5 suggest a local right convex curve in the lower lumbar region that probably resulted from juvenile traumatic disc herniation. This pattern is incompatible with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis or other types of scoliosis, including congenital, neuromuscular or syndromic scoliosis. It is, however, consistent with a recent reanalysis of the rib cage that did not reveal any asymmetry. Except for these possibly trauma-related anomalies, the Nariokotome boy fossil therefore seems to belong to a normal Homo erectus youth without evidence for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis or other severe pathologies of the axial skeleton. AbstractOwing to its completeness, the 1.5 million year old Nariokotome boy skeleton KNM-WT 15000 is central for understanding skeletal biology of Homo erectus. Nevertheless, since Latimer and Ohman (2001, Axial dysplasia in Homo erectus. J Hum Evol 40:A12) reported on asymmetries and distortions of Nariokotome boy's axial skeleton suggesting adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, possibly associated with congenital skeletal dysplasia, it is questionable whether it still can be used as reference for Homo erectus. Recently, however, the presence of skeletal dysplasia has been refuted. Here, we present a morphologic and morphometric reanalysis of the assertion of idiopathic scoliosis. We demonstrate that unarticulated vertebral columns of non-scoliotic and scoliotic individuals can be distinguished based on the lateral deviation of the spinous process, lateral and sagittal wedging, vertebral body torsion, pedicle thickness asymmetry and asymmetry of the superior and inferior articular facet area. A principal component analysis of the overall asymmetry of all seven vertebral shap...

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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Cited by 1,121 publications

References 132 publications

Indication for preoperative MRI of neural axis abnormalities in patients with presumed thoracolumbar/lumbar idiopathic scoliosis

Indication for preoperative MRI of neural axis abnormalities in patients with presumed thoracolumbar/lumbar idiopathic scoliosis

Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Revisiting scoliosis in the KNM-WT 15000 Homo erectus skeleton

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