Adolescent nicotine dependence and smoking cessation outcomes

Horn, Kimberly; Fernandes, Ancilla W.; Dino, Geri; Massey, Catherine J.; Kalsekar, Iftekhar

doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(02)00229-0

Cited by 70 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Table 3 provides a summary of the 18 key variables used to assess the participants' baseline similarity, selected on the basis of their potential relationships to our primary outcomes. 15,19,28,29 In addition to collecting data on daily cigarette use at the follow-up evaluations, we asked participants to classify themselves as "quit" or "not quit." Smoking abstinence was verified with exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) readings, which are valid for a few hours.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical Activity on Teen Smoking Cessation

et al. 2011

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OBJECTIVE: To understand the influence of physical activity on teen smoking-cessation outcomes. METHODS: Teens (N = 233; 14–19 years of age) from West Virginia high schools who smoked >1 cigarette in the previous 30 days were included. High schools with >300 students were selected randomly and assigned to brief intervention (BI), Not on Tobacco (N-O-T) (a proven teen cessation program), or N-O-T plus a physical activity module (N-O-T+FIT). Quit rates were determined 3 and 6 months after baseline by using self-classified and 7-day point prevalence quit rates, and carbon monoxide validation was obtained at the 3-month follow-up evaluation. RESULTS: Trends for observed and imputed self-classified and 7-day point prevalence rates indicated that teens in the N-O-T+FIT group had significantly higher cessation rates compared with those in the N-O-T and BI groups. Effect sizes were large. Overall, girls quit more successfully with N-O-T compared with BI (relative risk [RR]: >∞) 3 months after baseline, and boys responded better to N-O-T+FIT than to BI (RR: 2–3) or to N-O-T (RR: 1–2). Youths in the N-O-T+FIT group, compared with those in the N-O-T group, had greater likelihood of cessation (RR: 1.48) at 6 months. The control group included an unusually large proportion of participants in the precontemplation stage at enrollment, but there were no significant differences in outcomes between BI and N-O-T (z = 0.94; P = .17) or N-O-T+FIT (z = 1.12; P = .13) participants in the precontemplation stage. CONCLUSIONS: Adding physical activity to N-O-T may enhance cessation success, particularly among boys.

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Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical Activity on Teen Smoking Cessation

et al. 2011

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“…Continued investigations of NRT with efficacious behavioral programs should be conducted, particularly to establish the optimum dosage and length of treatment with NRT. Some adolescent smokers have nicotine dependence symptoms [82][83][84] , and these individuals may need NRT at higher doses and/or for longer periods than smokers without dependence symptoms 85 . After examining the limited evidence available, however, NRT only appears to have modest efficacy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking Cessation for Adolescents: A Review of Pharmacological and Psychosocial Treatments

Schepis

Rao²

2008

CDAR

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Unlike the vast literature on smoking cessation in adults, research in adolescents has gained significant attention only within the last decade. Even with this increase in focus, research into pharmacological aids for smoking cessation in adolescents (e.g., nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion) is a more recent phenomenon and has produced only modest results. While more extensive, much of the research on behaviorally-or psychosocially-based adolescent smoking cessation interventions has been limited by a lack of control for contact time, biochemical verification of self-reported abstinence, and/or a theoretical focus for the interventions. The MEDLINE, PubMed, PSYCInfo CINHAL and Cochrane Systematic Review databases were searched for articles relevant to adolescent smoking cessation treatment. After briefly examining the adolescent smoking cessation research prior to 2000, more recent developments in pharmacological aids and psychological treatment will be reviewed. Investigations have made progress in elucidating efficacious treatments for adolescent smokers, but much work remains to be done in both pharmacological and non-pharmacological areas of treatment. With the current state of the literature as a guide, future directions for research into smoking cessation for adolescents will be proposed.

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“…116 Similar results were found in evaluation of the Not On Tobacco program; at 3 months' follow-up, 24% of those with minimal to mild nicotine dependence reported not smoking, but only 9.4% of those with severe nicotine dependence reported not smoking. 117 Clinical trials of motivational interviewing versus brief advice (without medication use) for tobaccodependent adolescents yielded very low stop-smoking rates that did not differ between treatment groups. 118,119 There is emerging evidence documenting a benefit of pharmacotherapy for tobaccodependent adolescents; adherence is challenging, however, and relapse after brief courses of treatment is common.…”

Section: A Recommend Tobacco Dependence Treatment Of Tobacco-dependmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke

Farber¹,

Groner²,

Walley³

et al. 2015

Pediatrics

209

121

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This technical report serves to provide the evidence base for the American Academy of Pediatrics’ policy statements “Clinical Practice Policy to Protect Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke” and “Public Policy to Protect Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke.” Tobacco use and involuntary exposure are major preventable causes of morbidity and premature mortality in adults and children. Tobacco dependence almost always starts in childhood or adolescence. Electronic nicotine delivery systems are rapidly gaining popularity among youth, and their significant harms are being documented. In utero tobacco smoke exposure, in addition to increasing the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, placental abruption, and sudden infant death, has been found to increase the risk of obesity and neurodevelopmental disorders. Actions by pediatricians can help to reduce children’s risk of developing tobacco dependence and reduce children’s involuntary tobacco smoke exposure. Public policy actions to protect children from tobacco are essential to reduce the toll that the tobacco epidemic takes on our children.

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Adolescent nicotine dependence and smoking cessation outcomes

Cited by 70 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of Physical Activity on Teen Smoking Cessation

Effects of Physical Activity on Teen Smoking Cessation

Smoking Cessation for Adolescents: A Review of Pharmacological and Psychosocial Treatments

Protecting Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke

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