Adolescents’ Contraceptive Uptake in Ethiopia: A Meta‐Analysis

Abstract

Introduction. Ethiopia has made significant efforts to enhance family planning services despite variations in the community’s use of modern contraception in different parts of the country. Various studies have reported the proportion and determinant factors of adolescents’ contraceptive uptake in Ethiopia. These studies are not consistent in terms of size, scope, and geographic coverage, and the results need to be systematically collated to inform policies. Therefore, this review was aimed at analyzing the findings of those primary studies to obtain more representative evidence of adolescents’ contraceptive uptake in Ethiopia. Methods. Five databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL) were searched for papers published from January 2000 up to June 2022 in English. Of thirty eligible studies, eight papers were included in this meta-analysis. Between-study heterogeneity was evaluated by the forest plot and inconsistency index ( I 2 ). A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled estimates of adolescents’ contraceptive uptake. Results. The overall pooled proportion of adolescents’ contraceptive uptake was 40% ( I 2 = 99.70 , p ≤ 0.001 ; 95 % CI = 19 , 61 ). Adolescents’ usage of contraception was influenced by a number of factors: individual-, sociocultural-, knowledge- (about contraceptive methods), and healthcare service-related factors. Individual-related factors include the educational status of adolescents, being of young age, and the income status of adolescents’ families. Sociocultural-related factors comprise discussion with the family/relatives, parent disapproval and pressure from partners, and being married or having a partner. Healthcare service-related factors include the availability of youth clubs and inconvenient service hours for SRH services. Knowing contraceptive methods and SRH services was also positively associated with adolescents’ contraceptive utilization. Conclusions. The proportion of adolescents who used contraception in Ethiopia was 40%. Adolescents’ use of contraceptives was influenced by a variety of factors: individual-, sociocultural-, healthcare-, and knowledge-related factors. Hence, integrated interventions targeted at tackling barriers to contraceptive uptake may be helpful to improve adolescents’ contraceptive utilization in Ethiopia.

Utilization of family planning and associated factors among women with disabilities in ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…This study found that disabled women who had good knowledge were significantly associated with utilization of family planning. This finding was supported by a review finding from Ethiopia [42,44] and around the globe [49]. This might be attributed to an in-depth knowledge of family planning methods, which can improve women's understanding and awareness of the importance and side effects of various contraceptive methods, allowing them to make an informed decision on the method to be used and, as a result, increase their usage of this service.…”

“…This could be because the EDHS reports family planning utilization among all women, but this review was limited to WWDs. Also, it is lower than a review conducted in Ethiopia [41,42]. The difference might be due to the difference in the study period of primary studies and the study population, since the two studies are conducted among adolescents and postpartum women who are more information about sexual and reproductive health from different sources.…”

Unmet need for contraception and its associated factors among adolescent and young women in Guinea: A multilevel analysis of the 2018 Demographic and Health Surveys

“…This high unmet need for contraception and its related consequences have been reported to be associated with several factors such as individual, sociocultural-, knowledge-(about contraceptive methods), and healthcare service-related factors (15)(16)(17)(18). However, most of these studies mainly focused in general on women of reproductive age who were married, highlighting the need of evidence of the unmet need of contraception among adolescents and young women.…”