“…For these authors, HEIs can contribute to society's transition towards sustainability by, for example, teaching students to deal with complex problems from a systemic approach and conducting research based on real problems. Like other non-conventional learning methods (Leal Filho, 2021), extension activities can favor the development of skills, abilities and values necessary for the paradigm shift towards sustainable societies, highlighted by several authors such as Barth et al (2007) and Lozano et al (2021). Such a shift is part of and further enables creative and critical thinking, communication, cooperation, transcultural understanding, conflict management, decision-making, problem-solving and planning, practical citizenship, empathy and change of perspective, anticipatory thinking, interdisciplinary work among others.…”