“…At present, low-water consumption products are particularly favored by environmentalists (Gómez-Llanos et al, 2020), and more people tend to buy water-saving products (Rasoulkhani et al, 2018;Tian & Chen, 2022). More than a dozen water-saving products have been issued with water efficiency labeling, including washing machines, dishwashers, toilets, and shower heads (Liang et al, 2022). However, there are several problems in the promotion of water-saving products, mainly due to insufficient publicity, difficulties in technological breakthroughs, false information labels, and weak consumers' intention to purchase, which is a hot topic in the current.…”