Adoption of Technology as a Response Strategy to Globalization: A Study of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

Abstract

Globalization affects local and international firms in many ways. Studies have shown that factors in the internal as well as external environments of firms influence the rate to which globalization will affect them. On the local scene however, no known studies have been done on the response of manufacturing firms to counter globalization. In addition, since the concept of globalization is multidimensional and its influence is varied in nature, this study aimed at investigating how manufacturing firms in Kenya have responded to probable pressure from the forces of globalization in order to sharpen their competitiveness. Cross sectional survey design was adopted for the study. The population for the study was the 735 manufacturing firms in Kenya. The target population of the study were CEOs/MDs and their deputies from 545 manufacturing companies in Nairobi and Athi River. Stratified sampling technique was used to categorize the targeted manufacturing firms into sectors where purposive sampling technique was used to sample the respondents for the study. A total of 100 firms from the 14 sectors were targeted by the study out of which 80 responded giving a response rate of 80%. Questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Regression and correlation analysis was done to test the relationship between the study variables. The study found that 65% of the respondents agreed that continued global technological advancement has enabled management come up with innovations to respond to customer needs and economic and regulatory factors which have prompted outsourcing some operations, respectively. The results of the correlation analysis show that adoption of technology is statistically significant with a Pearson's Correlation Coefficient of 0.683 and at a level of significance of 0.000. The study also found out that 67.5% of the respondents agreed that continued global technological advancement has enabled management come up with innovations to respond to customer needs and economic and regulatory factors which have prompted outsourcing some operations respectively. The null hypotheses that there is no significant relationship between globalization and competition was therefore reject. The study concluded that manufacturing firms in Kenya have adopted technology as response strategies to globalization. The study recommended that manufacturing firms should adopt the new changes in the market and to absorb into the technological trend. Thus, they should remain flexible and stay focused to the day to day changes of globalization strategies.

High Involvement Work Systems and Organizational Commitment in Insurance Companies in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

“…In Kenya there has been low organization commitment and turnover of the workforce has been high because of low entry and exit barriers in the industry (IRA., 2013). Graham (2008) cited in (Kinyanjui, 2015) studied the internal operational procedures in the Kenyan insurance industry as compared to the Greek insurance industry which included Human resource procedures concluded that there is wide spread dissatisfaction both internally and externally stemming from the insurances failure to satisfy customers and employees alike. Thus, the growth of insurance industry in Kenya is lower than the country's average economic growth (Lang'at, 2018).…”

“…In this regard the Insurance Industry in Kenya continues to face performance challenges with low penetration at 3% according to IRA, report 2017 as compared to other industries as well as reduced profit margins (Azinga, Kamaara, & Ombui, 2020). Okiko (2014), Kinyanjui (2015) opines that the insurance industry in Kenya faces a high rate of staff turnover. High employee turnover due to low organizational commitment has been argued to be the key blockage to the companies' ability to steer their penetration and performance.…”