Adrenal carcinoma presenting as Conn's syndrome

Two cases of adrenocortical carcinoma presenting as Conn’s syndrome

“…2 Nineteen cases were reported up until 1984 (reviewed by Stone and colleagues 3 and only seven cases have been reported since. [4][5][6][7] Adrenocortical carcinomas are usually defined, on the basis of biochemical and clinical findings, as either 'functioning', or 'non-functioning'. The majority of cases are functioning and patients often present with evidence of Cushing's syndrome, due to excess glucocorticoid steroids, adrenogenital syn- drome (virilisation and feminization) from excess sex steroids, or mixed syndromes.…”

Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma: an unusual cause of Conn’s syndrome with an ominous clinical course

“…The second, despite a smaller size and no histopathological features of malignancy, which suggested an initial diagnosis of Conn's adenoma, exhibited an ominous clinical course that led to the patient's death in 26 months. Sixty further cases of APAC could be identified in the literature (Foye 1955, Conn et al 1964, Crane et al 1965, Santander et al 1965, Alterman et al 1969, Brooks et al 1972, Filipecki et al 1972, Six et al 1972, Miyazaki et al 1973, Salassa et al 1975, Revach et al 1977, Boers et al 1981, Grim et al 1981, Taylor et al 1982, Slee et al 1983, Telner 1983, Arteaga et al 1984, Greathouse et al 1984, Levine et al 1984, Luscher et al 1984, Sakashita et al 1984, Stone et al 1984, Scott et al 1986, Valentini et al 1986, Farge et al 1987, Isles et al 1987, Tenschert et al 1987, Weiss et al 1989, Touitou et al 1992, Barksdale et al 1993, Boscaro et al 1995, Weingartner et al 1995, Sakai et al 1997, Taylor et al 1997, Muthusethupathi et al 1998, Siren et al 1998, Yamazaki et al 1998, Deckers et al 1999…”