Adrenal Cortex

Sasano, Hironobu; Nakamura, Yasuhiro; Moriya, Takuya; Suzuki, Takashi

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1069-1_11

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…3β-HSD was negative in the adjacent nontumorous hyperplastic area of the zona glomerulosa in the adrenals obtained from these 61 patients, consistent with the diagnosis of APA (27,29,30). In particular, in the 8 patients in whom nodules were not detected by CT, APAs of 1.5 to 7 mm in diameter were confirmed in the surgically removed adrenals by histological and immunohistochemical examinations.…”

Section: Histopathological Examinationsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…All the lesions were diagnosed as benign adenomas based on the histological criteria of Weiss (28). Immunohistochemical analysis for steroidogenic enzymes, including 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and P450c17, was also performed in all the cases to examine the autonomous neoplastic production of corticosteroids or to differentiate APA from hyperplasia or IHA (27,29,30). Immunoreactivity for 3β-HSD is positive in the hyperplastic zona glomerulosa in IHA, whereas it is likely to be negative in the adjacent nontumorous hyperplastic area of the zona glomerulosa of APA (27,29,30).…”

Section: Pathological Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localization of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Adenomas: Significance of Adrenal Venous Sampling

et al. 2007

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Section: Histopathological Examinationsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Pathological Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Adenomas: Significance of Adrenal Venous Sampling

et al. 2007

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“…In humans, chronic demand on the adrenal glands, including chronic illness, has been postulated to lead to cortical thinning and potential adrenal exhaustion associated with lipid depletion of the fasciculata cells [ 35 , 36 ]. Previous evaluations of adrenal glands from stranded GoM dolphins from Texas with both acute and chronic disease have been conducted, but no cases of adrenal cortical atrophy were identified [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenal Gland and Lung Lesions in Gulf of Mexico Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Found Dead following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

et al. 2015

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A northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) cetacean unusual mortality event (UME) involving primarily bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama began in February 2010 and continued into 2014. Overlapping in time and space with this UME was the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, which was proposed as a contributing cause of adrenal disease, lung disease, and poor health in live dolphins examined during 2011 in Barataria Bay, Louisiana. To assess potential contributing factors and causes of deaths for stranded UME dolphins from June 2010 through December 2012, lung and adrenal gland tissues were histologically evaluated from 46 fresh dead non-perinatal carcasses that stranded in Louisiana (including 22 from Barataria Bay), Mississippi, and Alabama. UME dolphins were tested for evidence of biotoxicosis, morbillivirus infection, and brucellosis. Results were compared to up to 106 fresh dead stranded dolphins from outside the UME area or prior to the DWH spill. UME dolphins were more likely to have primary bacterial pneumonia (22% compared to 2% in non-UME dolphins, P = .003) and thin adrenal cortices (33% compared to 7% in non-UME dolphins, P = .003). In 70% of UME dolphins with primary bacterial pneumonia, the condition either caused or contributed significantly to death. Brucellosis and morbillivirus infections were detected in 7% and 11% of UME dolphins, respectively, and biotoxin levels were low or below the detection limit, indicating that these were not primary causes of the current UME. The rare, life-threatening, and chronic adrenal gland and lung diseases identified in stranded UME dolphins are consistent with exposure to petroleum compounds as seen in other mammals. Exposure of dolphins to elevated petroleum compounds present in coastal GoM waters during and after the DWH oil spill is proposed as a cause of adrenal and lung disease and as a contributor to increased dolphin deaths.

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“…AM was reported to promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cultured human adrenocortical cells of zona glomerulosa (Rebuffat et al 2002b). Further studies are required to clarify whether AM2/IMD and AM expressed at outer cortices of the attached adrenals might contribute to the regulation of these pathophysiological processes, such as the hyperplastic changes of zona glomerulosa cells, the so-called 'paradoxical hyperplasia', seen in aldosterone-producing adenomas (Sasano et al 2004). Taylor et al (2005) previously reported that the concentration of IR-AM2/IMD in rat adrenal tissues was below the level of detection by RIA, in contrast to our present report on human adrenal tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of adrenomedullin 2/intermedin in human adrenal tumors and attached non-neoplastic adrenal tissues

Morimoto¹,

Satoh²,

Murakami³

et al. 2008

Journal of Endocrinology

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Adrenomedullin 2/intermedin (AM2/IMD) is a new member of calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide family. AM is expressed in various tumors including adrenocortical tumors and modulates tumor growth. The AM2/IMD expression has not been studied, however, in adrenal tumors. The expression of AM2/IMD and AM was therefore studied in human adrenal tumors and attached non-neoplastic adrenal tissues by immunocytochemistry (ICC). Immunoreactive (IR)-AM2/IMD was measured by RIA. Furthermore, the expression of AM2/IMD and its receptor components, calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR), and receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) 1, 2, and 3 mRNA in these tissues was studied by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). ICC showed that AM2/IMD and AM immunoreactivities were localized in adrenocortical tumors and pheochromocytomas. AM2/IMD and AM immunoreactivities were detected in medulla of attached non-neoplastic tissues, while the degree of immunoreactivity for AM2/IMD and AM in cortices of attached adrenals was relatively weak or undetectable. RIA detected IR-AM2/IMD in adrenal tumors (0 . 414G0 . 12 to 0 . 786G0 . 27 pmol/g wet weight, meanGS.E.M.) and attached adrenal tissues (0 . 397G 0 . 052 pmol/g wet weight). Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography showed one broad peak eluted in the similar position to synthetic AM2/IMD with several minor peaks. RT-PCR showed expression of AM2/IMD, CRLR, and RAMP1, RAMP2, and RAMP3 mRNA in tissues of adrenal tumors and attached adrenal glands. In conclusion, AM2/IMD is expressed in human adrenal tumors and attached non-neoplastic adrenal tissues and may play (patho-)physiological roles in normal and neoplastic adrenals as an autocrine/paracrine regulator.

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Adrenal Cortex

Cited by 4 publications

References 93 publications

Localization of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Adenomas: Significance of Adrenal Venous Sampling

Localization of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Adenomas: Significance of Adrenal Venous Sampling

Adrenal Gland and Lung Lesions in Gulf of Mexico Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Found Dead following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

Expression of adrenomedullin 2/intermedin in human adrenal tumors and attached non-neoplastic adrenal tissues

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