Adrenal cyst: A review of the Japanese literature and report of a case

Abstract

Adrenal cysts are a rare condition and are usually non-functioning and asymptomatic. A 44-yearold man was referred from another hospital because a left retroperitoneal tumor was incidentally found by abdominal echography. Laboratory findings including adrenal hormonal study were within the normal range. It showed homogeneously low intensity on T 1 -weighted images and high intensity on T 2 -weighted images on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Angiography demonstrated that the tumor was avascular and of left adrenal origin. The patient was diagnosed with left adrenal cyst and was intensively followed up with plans for examination with diagnostic imaging.

Giant Adrenal Cyst Incidentally Detected by Ordinary Multiphasic Health Testing System: A Case Report.

“…Foster classified adrenal cysts into four categories and Tanuma et al recently reported the frequency of each category in Japan (Table 5). [6] Pseudocysts are most common (62.9%), and parasitic cysts, which are mainly caused by the echinococcal infection, are not reported yet in Japan. As our case underwent no invasive examinations, the histological diagnosis remained unknown.…”

“…Foster, [9] Tanuma et al* [6] In general, these diagnostic tools can differentiate cystic lesion from solid mass and define its origin. But it sometimes becomes difficult when the mass lesion is large and its content does not show the typical feature of uncomplicated cyst.…”

“…Although for the definite diagnosis, some invasive examination, such as angiographic study or US-or CT-guided aspiration puncture, might be necessary, but at this point, as the possibility of its malignancy was very low, it was decided to observe carefully by US, CT and/or MRI every three months without carrying out such an invasive examination. (Reviewed by Tanuma et al, [6] partially modified.) Table 5 Histological classification of adrenal cysts and the frequency.…”

Cystic Lymphangioma of the Adrenal Gland: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature

“…On ultrasound (US), ACL is a well-marginated, anechoic lesion typically located on the suprarenal area and which can show shadows and internal echoes, when calcifications or internal debris are present [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. On CT scan the mass is identified as a hypodense, non-enhanced lesion with smooth borders and thin wall (<3,5 mm).…”

“…However, symptoms can occasionally occur and they are typically related to the overall mass of the cyst. The most common symptoms are abdominal or flank pain, gastrointestinal discomfort, palpable mass and arterial hypertension and palpitation especially in functional cysts [5,6].…”