Adrenal masses: correlation between CT attenuation value and chemical shift ratio at MR imaging with in-phase and opposed-phase sequences.

Outwater, Eric K.; Siegelman, Evan S.; Huang, Arthur; Birnbaum, Bernard A.

doi:10.1148/radiology.200.3.8756926

Cited by 177 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Usually, malignant masses are hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images, with strong enhancement after contrast injection and delayed washout. More recent studies have used the lipid content of adenomas, which causes a loss in signal intensity on chemical-shift MRI (Outwater et al 1995(Outwater et al , 1996. However, MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, where it outperforms CT scanning.…”

Section: Imaging Of Adrenal Incidentalomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenal incidentalomas — a continuing management dilemma

Nawar

Aron²

2005

Endocr Relat Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adrenal incidentalomas (AI), adrenal tumors detected through an imaging procedure done for reasons unrelated to adrenal dysfunction, is becoming a common clinical problem with the more frequent utilization of different imaging techniques. Most such tumors are benign and hormonally inactive. A variety of diagnostic strategies have been developed to distinguish the latter; however, they are still controversial. Even after a commissioned systematic review of the literature and a state of the science conference sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, the optimal strategy for hormonal screening of a patient with AI is unknown, but we anticipate further refinements and major advances in the field. Surgery is the ultimate solution for the diagnostic-therapeutic dilemma of AI. Careful planning is required, and the learning curve which influences clinical decision making is especially relevant to immediate outcomes. The benefit of making a diagnosis of a clinically significant AI must be considered in the context of the patient's overall condition and preferences.

show abstract

Section: Imaging Of Adrenal Incidentalomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenal incidentalomas — a continuing management dilemma

Nawar

Aron²

2005

Endocr Relat Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1a,b). Other investigators subsequently confirmed the value of this technique (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri) Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Any signal present on the subtracted image indicates the presence of lipid and water protons within the same voxel (24). If one wanted to perform a quantitative measurement of adrenal lesion lipid then the chemical shift index can be calculated (21). The chemical shift index is defined as follows: A chemical shift index of >15%-20% detects most lipid-containing adrenal adenomas with high specificity (13,23,25).…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri) Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenal MRI: Techniques and clinical applications

Siegelman

2012

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In the case of metastases or nodules other than adenomas, because of their poor lipid content, signal drop is irrelevant. 30,31 Therefore, in the absence of a history of malignancy, a small, oval, homogeneous, lipid-containing mass, with regular margins showing mild or no enhancement can be confidently diagnosed as adenoma (benign incidentaloma) and might not require additional radiological investigation. If the lipid content of the mass is slight or absent, a 6-to 12-month imaging follow-up is generally considered sufficient to diagnose a "notevolving" (or steady) adrenal lesion.…”

Section: Adenomamentioning

confidence: 99%