Adrenals

CARSIA, R.V.; Harvey, S.

doi:10.1016/b978-012747605-6/50020-1

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 475 publications

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“…When food was offered 60 min after administration of the precursor, peak serotonin production possibly had already ceased and the precursor had been completely metabolized (or was no longer available). The stress generated by fasting in a granivorous bird is a factor that should be taken into consideration within this context (Carsia & Harvey, 2000). Other mammalian models of stress have shown an increase in neuronal uptake of serotonin precursors (Joseph & Kenneth, 1983;Shimizu et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence indicating participation of the serotonergic system in controlling feeding behavior in Coturnix japonica (Galliformes: Aves)

Reis

Almeida²,

Cedraz-Mercez³

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Biol.

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We investigated participation of the brain serotonergic system in food intake control by using oral and systemic administration of serotonin precursors in quails (Coturnix japonica). Dietary supplemental tryptophan (0.1-50.0 g/kg) provoked a dose-dependent inhibition of food intake during a 5-h observation period, which persisted up to 24 h for doses of 30.0 and 50.0 g/kg. Normally fed and fasted animals treated with hydroxytryptophan (12.5-50.0 mg/kg) by the intracoelomic route showed an acute inhibition of food intake. Hypophagia in fasted birds was only effective when the precursor was administered immediately before food presentation. A similar response was obtained by administering serotonin (0.125-2.5 mg/kg, sc), with animals showing a hypnogenic response within the first ten minutes after administration, suggesting that, in contrast to mammals, the amine crosses the bloodbrain barrier in quails. Administration of hydroxytryptophan at all doses tested induced significant dipsogenic behavior despite the concomitant hypnogenic response. The results suggest the involvement of serotonergic pathways in food intake control in quails and also show, for the first time, hypnogenic action induced by serotonin and a hyperdipsic effect elicited by hydroxytryptophan.Key words: feeding behavior, serotonergic system, tryptophan, hydroxytryptophan, serotonin, Coturnix japonica. RESUMO Evidência da participação do sistema serotonérgico no controle do comportamento alimentar em Coturnix japonica (Galliformes: Aves)Investigamos a participação do sistema serotonérgico cerebral no controle da ingestão de alimento em codornas (Coturnix japonica) por meio da administração oral e sistêmica de precursores da serotonina. A suplementação dietética com triptofano (0,1-50,0 g/kg de ração) provocou inibição dose-dependente da ingestão de alimento em 5 h de avaliação, que se manteve ao final de 24 h com doses de 30,0 e 50,0 g/kg. Codornas tratadas com hidroxitriptofano (12,5-50,0 mg/kg, via intracoelomática) exibiram aguda inibição da ingestão alimentar, tanto as normoalimentadas quanto as submetidas ao jejum. Nas aves em jejum, a resposta hipofágica foi efetiva apenas quando a administração do precursor foi feita imediatamente antes da oferta de alimento. Resposta similar foi alcançada com a administração de serotonina (0,125-2,5 mg/kg, sc). Nos minutos iniciais após a administração desenvolveu-se resposta hipnogênica, implicando assunção de que essa amina atravessa a barreira hemato-encefálica em codornas, Braz. J. Biol., 65(2)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence indicating participation of the serotonergic system in controlling feeding behavior in Coturnix japonica (Galliformes: Aves)

Reis

Almeida²,

Cedraz-Mercez³

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Biol.

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“…Beginning with social housing of cohorts in Wisconsin and throughout migration, each fecal sample collected was of unknown origin. All samples consisted of a single, fresh-appearing early-morning fecal mass to coincide with expected maximal 24-hr basal corticoid levels [Carsia and Harvey, 2000]. The number of anonymous samples collected from groups was proportional to the group size held in the pen at the time of sampling to reduce potential bias from repeated sampling of the same individual (e.g., five fresh fecal samples were collected from a pen housing five cranes).…”

Section: Fecal Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monitoring corticoid levels may help determine the risks associated with potential stressors that could impair individual or population health and fitness [Wingfield et al, 1997;Monfort et al, 1998]. Additionally, chronic activation of the stress response in birds may result in compromised cellular and humoral immunity, growth, and reproduction [Axelrod and Reisine, 1984;Harvey et al, 1984;Carsia and Harvey, 2000]. These negative outcomes are important factors in the success of conservation programs for endangered species [Wasser et al, 1997].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fecal corticoid monitoring in whooping cranes (Grus americana) undergoing reintroduction

Hartup

Olsen²,

Czekala

2005

Zoo Biology

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We used radioimmunoassay to determine fecal corticoid concentrations and assess potential stress in 10 endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) undergoing reintroduction to the wild. Fecal samples were collected shortly after hatching at a captive facility in Maryland, during field training in Wisconsin, and throughout a human-led migration to Florida. After a 14-day decline following hatching, fecal corticoid concentrations stabilized at baseline levels for the duration of the captive period, despite exposure to potentially stressful stimuli. Shipment of the cranes to the field training site was correlated with an eight-to 34-fold increase in fecal corticoid concentrations, which returned to baseline levels within 1 week. Increases were positively correlated with age but not body weight at the time of shipping. Fecal corticoid concentrations during the training period increased slightly and exhibited greater variation than levels observed at the captive facility, but were well within expected norms based on previous studies. Fecal corticoid concentrations increased twofold following premigration physical examinations and placement of radiotransmitters, and persisted for up to 4 days before they returned to baseline levels. Though fecal corticoid concentrations and variation during the migration period were similar to training levels, there was an overall decline in fecal corticoid concentrations during the artificial migration. Acute stressors, such as capture, restraint, and severe storms, were associated with stress responses by the cranes that varied in accordance with lasting physical or psychological stimuli. The overall reintroduction process of costume-rearing, ultralight aircraft habituation, training, and artificial migration was not associated with elevations in fecal corticoid concentrations suggestive of chronic stress. Zoo Biol 24: 15-28, 2005.

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“…Ergin bir tavuğun kanındaki kortikosteron düzeyi 1500-2600 pg/ml arasında değişmektedir 20 . Chloupek ve ark.…”

Section: Tartişma Ve Sonuçunclassified

The Effects of Acute Noise on Fear and Some Stress Parameters in Broilers

Türkyilmaz¹,

Nazlıgül²,

Dereli³

et al. 2009

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, akut gürültünün etlik piliçlerde korku ve bazı stres göstergeleri üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Araştırmada günlük yaştaki 192 etlik piliç (Ross 308) civciv, her grupta 24'er hayvan (12 erkek, 12 dişi) olacak şekilde 4 ayrı gruba iki tekrarlı şekilde rasgele dağıtılmıştır. 42 günlük normal yetiştirme dönemi sonunda hayvanlar ses düzeyi 80, 100, 120 ve 55 (Kontrol) dB olacak şekilde ayarlanmış ses düzenekleriyle 15 dk. süreyle akut gürültüye maruz bırakılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda 100 ve 120 dB gürültü düzeylerinde kortikosteron düzeyinin önemli oranda yükseldiği saptanmıştır (P<0.001). Gürültünün tüm deneme gruplarında kolesterol düzeyini artırmasına karşın, glukoz düzeyini yalnızca 120 dB gürültü düzeyinde artırdığı saptanmıştır. Diğer taraftan, gürültü düzeyinin artmasına bağlı olarak total protein düzeyinin düştüğü ortaya konulmuştur. Tonik Hareketsizlik Testi (TI), TI süreleri arasında önemli bir farklılık olmasa da, akut gürültünün hayvanlarda korku oluşumu üzerine önemli bir etkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu anlamda TI için gerekli ortalama deneme sayısı ise 100 ve 120 dB gürültü gruplarında (1.4 ve 1.3), kontrol grubuna (1.8) göre daha düşük olarak kaydedilmiştir (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak 100 dB ve üzeri akut gürültünün etlik piliçlerde bazı stres parametrelerini olumsuz etkilediği ve korkuya yol açtığı, bu nedenle hayvanların daha düşük gürültü düzeylerinde bulundurulmaları gerektiği anlaşılmıştır. Anahtar sözcükler: Etlik piliç, Akut gürültü, Stres, Tonik Hareketsizlik Testi The Effects of Acute Noise on Fear and Some Stress Parameters in Broilers SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute noise on some stress parameters and fear reactions in broilers. Day old 192 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to 4 different treatment groups containing 24 birds (12 male, 12 female) for two replication. After 42 days regular rearing period, birds were exposed to 55 (control), 80, 100 and 120 dB acute noise for 15 min. with a device hanged to their rooms. Results showed that corticosterone levels at 100 dB and 120 dB noise levels increased significantly (P<0.001). It was revealed that acute noise had increased blood cholesterole levels in all treatment groups, but increased glucose levels only in 120 dB noise group. Conversely total protein level decreased according to increase in noise level. Tonic Immobility Test (TI) in which there were no significant differences between TI durations for all treatment groups, revealed that acute noise has negative effect on fear in broilers. On this context, TI trials were recorded as high in control group (1.8) than 100 and 120 dB groups (1.4 ve 1.3). It was concluded that acute noise over 100 dB have negative effects on some stress parameters and fear in broilers, for that reason broilers should housed at lower noise levels.

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Adrenals

Cited by 44 publications

References 475 publications

Evidence indicating participation of the serotonergic system in controlling feeding behavior in Coturnix japonica (Galliformes: Aves)

Evidence indicating participation of the serotonergic system in controlling feeding behavior in Coturnix japonica (Galliformes: Aves)

Fecal corticoid monitoring in whooping cranes (Grus americana) undergoing reintroduction

The Effects of Acute Noise on Fear and Some Stress Parameters in Broilers

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