Adrenic acid non-enzymatic peroxidation products in biofluids of moderate preterm infants

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays an essential role in processes of signaling and damage to biomolecules during early perinatal life. Isoprostanoids and isofuranoids from the free radical-catalyzed peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are widely recognized as reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress. However, their quantification is not straightforward due to high structural similarity of the compounds formed. In this work, a semi-quantitative method for the analysis of adrenic acid (AdA, C22:4 n-6) non-enzymatic peroxidation products (i.e. dihomo-isoprostanes and dihomo-isofurans) was developed. The proposed ultra-performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was applied to the analysis of blood plasma and urine from preterm infants providing information about AdA peroxidation.

Does Pasteurized Donor Human Milk Efficiently Protect Preterm Infants Against Oxidative Stress?

“…Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods for the detection of biomarkers of oxidative damage to proteins and DNA (3), as well as lipids (6, 7) in noninvasively obtained urine samples, have been validated following stringent requirements of the FDA. Moreover, reference ranges of total parameters of lipid peroxidation by-products in very preterm infants evolving without significant clinical conditions in the postnatal period have been reported (6,7).…”

“…We hypothesized that DHM and OMM equally protect preterm infants from oxidative stress. We launched a longitudinal, observational cohort study aiming to compare the antioxidant properties of DHM versus OMM reflected in levels of a panel of oxidative stress biomarkers previously validated in preterm urine (6,7). We performed analytical determinations in preterm infants' urine samples collected between the initiation of full enteral feeding and hospital discharge.…”

The Relationship between Oxidative Stress, Intermittent Hypoxemia, and Hospital Duration in Moderate Preterm Infants

“…The SPE cartridges were initially conditioned with 1 mL of CH 3 OH and 1 mL H 2 O. The diluted sample (900 µL) was washed with 500 µL H 2 O and 500 µL heptane, and then eluted with 4 aliquots of 100 µL of ethyl acetate [8, 20, 21].…”

“…Lipid peroxidation parameters were analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and reported as semiquantitative profiles in procedure-defined units (p.d.u.) of neurofurans, isofurans, neuroprostanes, isoprostanes, and di-homo-isofurans, as previously described [8, 20, 21]. Negative electrospray ionization (ESI–) interface was used and separation was carried out by BEH C 18 reversed-phase chromatography (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 µm; Acquity-Xevo TQS system, Waters, Mildford, MA) running a 7-min H 2 O (0.1% v/v HCOOH):CH 3 CN (0.1% v/v HCOOH) binary gradient [8, 20-22].…”

“…of neurofurans, isofurans, neuroprostanes, isoprostanes, and di-homo-isofurans, as previously described [8, 20, 21]. Negative electrospray ionization (ESI–) interface was used and separation was carried out by BEH C 18 reversed-phase chromatography (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 µm; Acquity-Xevo TQS system, Waters, Mildford, MA) running a 7-min H 2 O (0.1% v/v HCOOH):CH 3 CN (0.1% v/v HCOOH) binary gradient [8, 20-22]. Chromatographic area values were normalized to the PGF 2a -D4 internal standard and urinary creatinine concentration (DetectX® creatinine detection kit, Arbor Assays, Ann Arbor, MI, USA).…”