Adsorption and catalysis: The effect of confinement on chemical reactions

On the Confinement Effect During Catalytic Reaction Over Al-MCM-41

“…That the total coke content and deactivation rate are invariant with pore size (Table 1) provides further supports to the above argument. Regardless of the afore discussions of catalytic performances based on initial conversion of 1,3,5-TiPB cracking over various Al-MCM-41 catalysts, during which molecular catalytic activities are mainly dictated by thermodynamic effects (adsorption energy) and less influenced by kinetic effects (diffusion and coking) [18,19]. As such, a consistent decrease in 1,3,5-TiPB initial conversion with pore size of Al-MCM-41 samples was observed, as shown in Fig.…”

“…An experimental investigation of the role of each possible effect is challenging, since experimental measurements reflect integration over multiple effects. At present, we have only limited ability to disentangle these factors in a given confined reaction system [18,19]. As such, carefully designed experiments focusing on a systematic study of the pore size effect for catalytic reactions in mesoporous materials would be highly desirable.…”

Magnesium-based materials for hydrogen storage: Recent advances and future perspectives

“…Reducing particle/grain size has been reported to modify the thermodynamics in other systems due to the surface energy and nanograin boundary [107] and this method may be applied to Mg. It is also theoretically suggested that the confinement by CNTs on Mg/MgH 2 system can reduce hydrogen desorption temperature [108][109][110][111] . However, the understanding of hydrogen desorption mechanism is very limited and the research extension is highly desirable.…”

Isomerization kinetics of small hydrocarbons in confinement

“…The latter effect is the one most often studied, as it has the most patent influence on reaction rates. The other two effects, however, can have a significant impact on the rates and equilibrium yields of many chemical reactions, as discussed in several recent experimental (Byl et al 2003;Kaneko et al 1989;Imai et al 1991) and theoretical (Lisal et al 2006;Travis and Searles 2006;Halls and Schlegel 2002;Santiso et al 2005aSantiso et al , 2005bSantiso et al , 2006Santiso et al , 2007aSantiso et al , 2007bTurner and Gubbins 2003;Turner et al 2001aTurner et al , 2001bTurner et al , 2002 studies.…”

“…Our recent work has been focused on understanding the relative impact of the different effects mentioned above on reactions happening within graphitic carbon pores and nanostructures (Santiso et al 2005a(Santiso et al , 2005b(Santiso et al , 2006(Santiso et al , 2007a(Santiso et al , 2007bKostov et al 2005). Our choice of carbon as the confining material is due to several reasons: (1) A detailed study of chemical reactions often requires the use of ab initio methods, since reactions involve changes in the electronic states of the atoms involved.…”