Adsorption and Hydrolysis Characteristics of Antibiotics in the Hyporheic Zone of Zaohe-Weihe River, China

Abstract

Antibiotics are widely used in medicine, agriculture and aquaculture [1][2][3]. Most antibiotics (about 25%-75%) cannot be completely metabolized and degraded by organisms, and are released into the environment in the form of parent or intermediate products [4,5]. These antibiotics will pose a great threat to the survival of humans and animals [6,7], so it is crucial to control the content of antibiotics in the environment. Antibiotics that enter the environment will be attenuated by biological and abiotic interactions [8][9][10]. Since antibiotics could inhibit or kill microorganisms at low concentrations [11][12][13], the biological attenuation effect that depends on the action of microorganisms