Adsorption and micellization behavior of novel gluconamide-type gemini surfactants

Equilibrium Surface Tension, Dynamic Surface Tension, and Micellization Properties of Lactobionamide-Type Sugar-Based Gemini Surfactants

“…This was because of the interactions between the hydrogen bonds of hydroxyl groups in the sugar parts as well as the chainchain interactions. The cmc values of 2C n Lac were approximately twice higher than those of 2C n Glu with gluconamide groups that had been reported by our group 12 , which resulted from the difference in the number of sugar groups of monosaccharide for gluconamide groups and disaccharide for lactobionamide groups. 11 , indicating that the difference in the structure of a spacer affected the adsorption and orientation at the air-water interface.…”

“…The synthesis and purification of N,N -dialkylethylenediamine 2C n , n 8, 10, 12, and 14 have been described elsewhere 12 . Lactobionic acid was purchased from Aldrich.…”

“…Although many papers pertaining to the synthesis and properties of cationic and anionic gemini surfactants have been published, there are very few studies on nonionic and zwitterionic gemini surfactants. The majority of the conventional nonionic surfac-that the surface tension decreased in the order 2C 16 peLac 2C 12 peLac 2C 8 Glu 2C 10 Glu 2C 12 Glu. Our results showed that the introduction of a long alkyl chain and a bulky spacer rendered the surfactant less surface active.…”

Sulfonic-Hydroxyl-Type Heterogemini Surfactants Synthesized from Unsaturated Fatty Acids

“…In addition, a difference in the overall molecular size is negligibly small between the two surfactants. This means that, in our current case, the population of molecularly dissolved monomers in solution apparently, this corresponds to the cac of each surfactant plays a predominant role in their adsorption kinetics 12 over the other factors such as the molecular hydrophobicity or the overall size of surfactant molecules. The difference in the molecular symmetry, therefore, affects the adsorption kinetics through its effect on the cac of the surfactants.…”

Polymerizable Anionic Gemini Surfactants: Physicochemical Properties in Aqueous Solution and Polymerization Behavior

“…Here it should be noted that the A cmc value of PA12-2-12 (gemini) is almost a double of the A cmc value of PA12 (monomeric), although the occupied area per gemini surfactant molecule adsorbed at the interface is generally much smaller than a double of the A cmc value of the corresponding monomeric surfactant (i.e. the adsorption to the interface occurs more effectively for gemini surfactants than for monomeric ones) 23) . The almost equivalent A cmc values of PA12-2-12 and PA12 (per chain) suggest, therefore, that the degree of molecular packing at the interface (per chain) is more or less similar for the polymerizable surfactant systems (PA12-2-12 and PA12).…”