Adsorption and Release of Sulfamethizole from Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Functionalised with Triethylenetetramine

Abstract

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were synthesised and functionalised with triethylenetetramine (MSN-TETA). The samples were fully characterised (transmission electron microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, zeta potential and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms) and used as carriers for the adsorption of the antimicrobial drug sulphamethizole (SMZ). SMZ loading, quantified by UV–Vis spectroscopy, was higher on MSN-TETA (345.8 mg g−1) compared with bare MSN (215.4 mg g−1) even in the presence of a lower surface area (671 vs. 942 m2 g−1). The kinetics of SMZ adsorption on MSN and MSN-TETA followed a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption isotherm is described better by a Langmuir model rather than a Temkin or Freundlich model. Release kinetics showed a burst release of SMZ from bare MSN samples (k1 = 136 h−1) in contrast to a slower release found with MSN-TETA (k1 = 3.04 h−1), suggesting attractive intermolecular interactions slow down SMZ release from MSN-TETA. In summary, the MSN surface area did not influence SMZ adsorption and release. On the contrary, the design of an effective drug delivery system must consider the intermolecular interactions between the adsorbent and the adsorbate.

Experimental and Theoretical Screening for Green Solvents Improving Sulfamethizole Solubility

“…Sulfamethizole is characterized by quite low aqueous solubility (1050 mg/L at 310.15 K) [1], which is why various formulations were proposed for improving SMT bioavailability and its dissolution properties. For example, new formulations were prepared via cocrystallization [2][3][4], complexation with cyclodextrins [5], solid dispersions [6], and nanoparticles [7]. However, in some cases, the solubility must be reduced.…”

Metal ion effect on pore size reduction in Mesoporous Aluminosilicate in the presence of TETA as a template and its catalytic performance of CO2 decomposition at lower temperature

“…Pore diameter of synthesized AlSiO 4 ‐33 and Co‐AlSiO 4 ‐15 are 33 nm and 15 nm respectively. Prior research on the facile synthesis of AMSM (1.21 nm) [34] and autoclave synthesis of ZSM‐5 (1.729 nm), [9] MSN (2.4 nm), [10] SBA‐15 (3.6 nm) [11] employing the template (TETA) has a larger surface area, small pore volume and pore diameter. TETA can only developed pore size up to 4 nm in the reported material.…”

“…AlSiO 4 -33 displays the needle-shaped crystals [42] while Co-AlSiO 4 -15 illustrates the spherical shape crystals. [10] In Co-AlSiO 4 -15, some dark patches in the bright regions result in the integration of cobalt ions into the aluminosilicate framework. [43] The TEM results are shown the both materials exhibit crystalline morphologies that match the XRD studies.…”

“…[6] The mesoporous materials are synthesized by hydrothermal method [7,8] with autogeneous pressure. Mesoporous materials such as ZSM-5 (1.789 nm), [9] MSN (2.4 nm) [10] and SBA-15 (3.6 nm) [11] were synthesized by TETA as a template. The pore size was obtained upto 4 nm.…”

Molecular recognition of catechols on the crystal-like surface of periodic mesoporous organosilica containing pyridinylethynylpyridine

“…Recently, much effort has been devoted to applying them for drug delivery systems and bioimaging. [31][32][33] In order to create adsorption sites, the surface has been functionalized by grafting several kinds of organic groups containing amine and thiol moieties. However, these materials have proven to be difficult to analyze quantitatively as adsorbents, especially for properties such as the adsorption constant for specific interactions between the ligand and substrate on the surface.…”