Adsorption of bromophenol blue and bromothymol blue dyes onto raw maize cob

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Dyes are complex chemical substances that bear stable aromatic rings synthesized to impart strong and persistent colour that does not degrade on exposure to light (Ibrahim and Sani 2014). Dyes are generally applied in an aqueous solution, and may require a mordant to improve their fastness on fibres al., 2013; Saritha et al., 2015) contact of dyes has been reported to result in various types of health problems like hypersensitivity, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, allergy and asthma, skin eczema and immunosuppressive effects chattopadhyaya, 2013; Omran This leads to raise concern regarding its use as well as its removal from aqueous dye impact toxicity and impedes light penetration and thus upsets the biological activity (Alwan et al., 2015; Sayan Hassan and Mahdi, 2016). Several methods including physical, chemical and biological processes have been used for the removal of dyes from effluents. Chemical and biological methods are effective for decolo ABSTRACT The adsorption of Bromophenol blue (BPB), and Bromothymol blue (BTB) onto raw maize cob from aqueous solution was studied using bach adsorption technique, in which the influence of contact time, dosage, concentration, temperature, and pH, were investigated characterizing the adsorbent using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy and pH of point of zero charge (pH Results showed that Bromophenol blue and Bromothymol percentage about 96.53 %, and 94.39 % with equilibrium time within 125 and 110 minutes respectively. For both dyes the removal efficiency was found to increase with increasing initial dye concentration from 10 mg/l to 100 mg/l be high at lower pH. also, increase in the dosage of the adsorbent leads to increase in the adsorption process for BPB but shows decrease for BTB. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freun results revealed that the experimental data fits Temkin isotherm with R and 0.971 for BPB and BTB respectively. Kinetic analyses were conducted using pseudo second-order models, elovich equation and the intra results in addition to q e experimental and q was more accurately represented by pseudo parameters such as free energy changes ((∆) were calculated using vant Hoff equation. All the adsorption was feasible and spontaneous. The result indicated that raw maize cob c be used as adsorbent for the removal of the

Recent advances on the removal of dyes from wastewater using various adsorbents: a critical review

“…These waste materials prior to their application as adsorbents are subjected to various processes like chemical treatment, conversion to powder form, and decomposition. 60,[121][122][123] In view of this, different waste materials to adsorb toxic dyes from contaminated water are described below.…”

“…Agricultural waste materials, like raw maize cob, exhausted coffee ground powder, saw-dust, black cumin, neem leaf, pineapple leaf, and pine tree leaves, have been used by many researchers in the dye remediation from contaminated water. 60,[121][122][123][124][125] Abubakar and Ibrahim (2019) used raw maize 21 cob for the adsorption of bromophenol blue (96.5%) and bromothymol blue (94.4%) present in the wastewater at the equilibrium time of 125 and 110 minutes, respectively. The effect of increasing initial dye concentration on dye adsorption showed positive effects, and dye adsorption followed the Temkin isotherm model.…”

Biosorption of Bromo-based Dyes from Wastewater Using Low-Cost Adsorbents: A Review

“…It changes from yellow at pH 3.0 to blue at pH 4.6. BPB has a characteristic green-red colour [30]. .…”

“…Raju & Satyanandam, [30] reported in an extensive study of adsorption of Gelidium cartilagineum powder unto BPB dye that the equilibrium agitation time for BPB biosorption was 25 minutes. The percentage biosorption of BPB dye decreased with increase in biosorbent size from 53 μm (56%) to 152μm (38%).…”

Oxidation process and kinetics of bromothymol blue by alkaline permanganate

“…It is a good probing agent, which is not damaged by overt oxidation and can be chemically destroyed only through free‐radical pathways. The removal of BTB and methylene blue from wastewater using polyvinyl alcohol using adsorption techniques was elucidated 7–8 . Polyvinyl alcohol has a strong adsorption efficiency and more active sites for the extremely efficient elimination of poisonous dyes.…”