“…16 Rhodamine B (a xanthine organic dye) and malachite green (a triarylmethane dye) have enormous applications in fluorescence staining, leather and paint manufacturing, textile dyeing, 17 paper printing, glass production, fungicides, and ectoparasiticides in aquaculture, as well as in food additives and cell staining, respectively. 18 The observation of MG residues in fish tissue suggests the potential entry of this toxic chemical into the food chain and endangers human health. 19 To date, a variety of approaches namely ion exchange membrane separation, 20 Bioremediation, 21,22 photochemical degradation, electrocoagulation, 23 adsorption, and fenton-biological degradation 24,25 have been developed to treat dye-laden wastewater.…”