Adsorption of MS2 bacteriophage on ultrafiltration membrane laboratory equipments

Pierre, Gwenaëlle; Causserand, Christel; Roques, Christine; Aimar, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2008.11.037

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Langlet et al (24) have recently demonstrated that aggregation of phage MS2 results in a strong decrease of PFU counts. Under our batch experimental conditions, aggregation can be excluded, as the pH of the solution was higher than the pI (pI 3.9) of MS2 (24) and, in the stock solution, phage was not aggregated at all as defined in a previous work by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering (Nanosizer) (30). The adsorption of viruses to the recipient surfaces can also be considered negligible because the number of total genomic MS2 particles detected by qRT-PCR remained constant throughout the batch experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 30 s of homogenization at room temperature (time zero), MS2 feed suspension was circulated in the system (60 liters/h; Reynolds number [Re] ϭ 1,800) with recycling of the retentate and permeate in the feed tank. Fifteen minutes after the start of filtration, the suspension was "doped" by adding 2 ml of phage stock suspension at 1 ϫ 10 11 PFU/ml to the feed suspension in order to saturate the MS2 adsorption in the filtration apparatus and thus to maintain a phage concentration of 1 ϫ 10 8 PFU/ml in the system as previously described (30,39). Samples of viral suspensions were collected at different times at sampling points ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Ionic Strength on Bacteriophage MS2 Behavior and Their Implications for the Assessment of Virus Retention by Ultrafiltration Membranes

Furiga

Pierre

Glories

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bacteriophage MS2 is widely used as a surrogate to estimate pathogenic virus elimination by membrane filtration processes used in water treatment. Given that this water technology may be conducted with different types of waters, we focused on investigating the effects of ionic strength on MS2 behavior. For this, MS2 was analyzed while suspended in solutions of various ionic strengths, first in a batch experiment and second during membrane ultrafiltration, and quantified using (i) quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), which detects the total number of viral genomes, (ii) qRT-PCR without the RNA extraction step, which reflects only particles with a broken capsid (free RNA), and (iii) the PFU method, which detects only infectious viruses. At the beginning of the batch experiments using solutions containing small amounts of salts, losses of MS2 infectivity (90%) and broken particles (20%) were observed; these proportions did not change during filtration. In contrast, in high-ionic-strength solutions, bacteriophage kept its biological activity under static conditions, but it quickly lost its infectivity during the filtration process. Increasing the ionic strength decreased both the inactivation and the capsid breakup in the feed suspension and increased the loss of infectivity in the filtration retentate, while the numbers of MS2 genomes were identical in both experiments. In conclusion, the effects of ionic strength on MS2 behavior may significantly distort the results of membrane filtration processes, and therefore, the combination of classical and molecular methods used here is useful for an effective validation of the retention efficiency of ultrafiltration membranes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ionic Strength on Bacteriophage MS2 Behavior and Their Implications for the Assessment of Virus Retention by Ultrafiltration Membranes

Furiga

Pierre

Glories

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…CV (ACS reagent, > 90.0% anhydrous basis) was obtained from Aldrich. Two types of bacteria, B. diminuta and E. coli , were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), and one virus model, bacteriophage MS2, was prepared by incubation using the procedures previously demonstrated …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two types of bacteria, B. diminuta and E. coli, were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), and one virus model, bacteriophage MS2, was prepared by incubation using the procedures previously demonstrated. 25 Preparation of Cellulose Nanowhisker-Based Nanofibrous MF Membranes. A composite nanofibrous membrane (electrospun PAN on PET nonwoven) in the form of a disk sample with 25 mm diameter was latched in a dead-end filtration cell (Millipore, model 8050), where 0.1 g of cellulose nanowhisker aqueous suspension (0.4 wt % concentration, pH 7.0) was gradually infused into the membrane disk by gravity.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofibrous Microfiltration Membrane Based on Cellulose Nanowhiskers

et al. 2011

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A multilayered nanofibrous microfiltration (MF) membrane system with high flux, low pressure drop, and high retention capability against both bacteria and bacteriophages (a virus model) was developed by impregnating ultrafine cellulose nanowhiskers (diameter about 5 nm) into an electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous scaffold (fiber diameter about 150 nm) supported by a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nonwoven substrate (fiber diameter about 20 μm). The cellulose nanowhiskers were anchored on the PAN nanofiber surface, forming a cross-linked nanostructured mesh with very high surface-to-volume ratio and a negatively charged surface. The mean pore size and pore size distribution of this MF system could be adjusted by the loading of cellulose nanowhiskers, where the resulting membrane not only possessed good mechanical properties but also high surface charge density confirmed by the conductivity titration and zeta potential measurements. The results indicated that a test cellulose nanowhisker-based MF membrane exhibited 16 times higher adsorption capacity against a positively charged dye over a commercial nitrocellulose-based MF membrane. This experimental membrane also showed full retention capability against bacteria, for example, E. coli and B. diminuta (log reduction value (LRV) larger than 6) and decent retention against bacteriophage MS2 (LRV larger than 2).

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“…The plaque assay procedure was used to determine the concentration of the MS2 phage (to measure the virus titer). The plaque assay was conducted according to the method described in ( 62 ) with some modifications. E. coli was grown to mid-logarithmic phase (OD 600 of 0.3 to 0.4) in LB at 37°C with shaking.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition between social cheater viruses is driven by mechanistically different cheating strategies

et al. 2020

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Cheater viruses, also known as defective interfering viruses, cannot replicate on their own yet replicate faster than the wild type upon coinfection. While there is growing interest in using cheaters as antiviral therapeutics, the mechanisms underlying cheating have been rarely explored. During experimental evolution of MS2 phage, we observed the parallel emergence of two independent cheater mutants. The first, a point deletion mutant, lacked polymerase activity but was advantageous in viral packaging. The second synonymous mutant cheater displayed a completely different cheating mechanism, involving an altered RNA structure. Continued evolution revealed the demise of the deletion cheater and rise of the synonymous cheater. A mathematical model inferred that while a single cheater is expected to reach an equilibrium with the wild type, cheater demise arises from antagonistic interactions between coinfecting cheaters. These findings highlight layers of parasitism: viruses parasitizing cells, cheaters parasitizing intact viruses, and cheaters may parasitize other cheaters.

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Adsorption of MS2 bacteriophage on ultrafiltration membrane laboratory equipments

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of Ionic Strength on Bacteriophage MS2 Behavior and Their Implications for the Assessment of Virus Retention by Ultrafiltration Membranes

Effects of Ionic Strength on Bacteriophage MS2 Behavior and Their Implications for the Assessment of Virus Retention by Ultrafiltration Membranes

Nanofibrous Microfiltration Membrane Based on Cellulose Nanowhiskers

Competition between social cheater viruses is driven by mechanistically different cheating strategies

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