Adsorption of Paraquat Dichloride to Kaolin Particles and to Mixtures of Kaolin and Hematite Particles in Aqueous Suspensions

Abstract

Deliberate contamination with pesticides is a potential risk to water security, due to the availability of these contaminants and the fact that they do not need special expertise to handle or apply. Adsorption of the herbicide paraquat from an aqueous solution to suspended particles of kaolin and kaolin/hematite mixture was investigated by kinetic and equilibrium assays, taking into consideration several parameters such as initial pH, sorbent dosage and agitation speed. The results showed that the adsorption process is quite fast, reaching an 18% reduction in paraquat concentration in a very short period of time. The addition of hematite particles to kaolin suspension had no apparent effect on the maximum amount of paraquat adsorbed. Kinetic parameters were determined by fitting the pseudo-second order model to the experimental data (correlation coefficients close to 1). Isotherm studies indicate an inhibitory effect, promoted by hematite particles, that was not detected in the adsorption assays. Equilibrium data was best adjusted using the Langmuir model which yielded higher correlation coefficient values and smaller normalized standard deviations.

Biodegradation Capabilities of Paraquat-Degrading Bacteria Immobilized on Nanoceramics

“…Nanoceramics removed approximately 72% of paraquat within 10 h. The result echoes paraquat adsorption onto a ceramic surface through electrostatic interaction. The efficiency of clay minerals, such as kaolinite, zeolite, and montmorillonite, as an absorbent in removing paraquat from an aqueous solution has been reported in many studies [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

“…To remove paraquat from polluted water, clay minerals such as montmorillonite, nontronite, and kaolinite are among potent adsorbents [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Recently, many researchers have gained attention from clay−based nanomaterials with specific chemical and biological properties.…”

Efficient Removal of Paraquat Pollutants Using Magnetic Biochar Derived from Corn Husk Waste: A Sustainable Approach for Water Remediation

“…Additionally, compared to noncarbon materials, MB-01-850 exhibited higher adsorption efficiency than several inorganic materials. For example, the bentonite/mesoporous silica compound [77], humic acid-coated goethite [59], kaolin [78], and zeolite Y [82] showed Q 0 values of 11.75 mg/g, 4.40 mg/g, 5.45 mg/g, and 26.38 mg/g, respectively. In summary, the adsorbents used for paraquat removal demonstrated removal efficiencies ranging from 4.40 mg/g to 257 mg/g.…”

In vitro removal of paraquat and diquat from aqueous media using raw and calcined basil seed

“…Therefore, further investigations are necessary to apply BS1000 for the removal of herbicides from the aqueous phase. The comparison of paraquat and diquat adsorption capability of tested bio-adsorbent including BS, BS1000, and other reported adsorbents is shown in Table 2 (Duman et al, 2019;Kamga, 2019;Liang et al, 2021;Martins et al, 2015;Nakamura et al, 1993Nakamura et al, , 2000Pavlovic et al, 2014). Regarding paraquat, the adsorption capability using BS1000 (28.7 mg g À1 ) was similar to or greater than that using other reported adsorbents (7.5-30 mg g À1 ).…”