Adsorption of potassium on<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mn /><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>0001</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mn /></mml:math>at ionic and metallic coverages and uv-l

Wilde, Markus; Beauport, Ingrid; Stuhl, F.; Al‐Shamery, Katharina; Freund, Hans‐Joachim

doi:10.1103/physrevb.59.13401

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The cooling of the cells is also favorable for aggregate formation, because the surface density of adsorbates increases. It is known that at low temperatures additional exposure to vapors can lead to formation of metallic aggregates [34,38,43]. Therefore it is rather likely that in the LT cells there exist some alkali aggregates or clusters on the surface, similarly to the study of desorption from alkali nanoparticles formed on the quartz surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to further examine the validity of the above two explanations, it is essential to characterize the adsorbate morphology of the vapor cells as already pointed out by one of the present authors [34]. Although the two classes of desorption phenomena mentioned above are observed for K and Rb atoms adsorbed on bare glass surfaces [35], their characteristic photon energy dependencies are distinctly different, which points towards differences in the desorption mechanism operative in each case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments that nearly fulfill these requirements have been reported for K on Cr 2 O 3 surfaces [34] as well as for Na and K on SiO 2 surfaces [14][15][16]. Desorption from both ionic and metallic adsobates is studied, although only high energy photons ( 3 eV) were used.…”

Section: Future Perspectives and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Classification of Light-Induced Desorption of Alkali Atoms in Glass Cells Used in Atomic Physics Experiments

Hatakeyama

Wilde

Fukutani

2006

e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotechnol.

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We attempt to provide physical interpretations of light-induced desorption phenomena that have recently been observed for alkali atoms on glass surfaces of alkali vapor cells used in atomic physics experiments. We find that the observed desorption phenomena are closely related to recent studies in surface science, and can probably be understood in the context of these results. If classified in terms of the photon-energy dependence, the coverage and the bonding state of the alkali adsorbates, the phenomena fall into two categories: It appears very likely that the neutralization of isolated ionic adsorbates by photo-excited electron transfer from the substrate is the origin of the desorption induced by ultraviolet light in ultrahigh vacuum cells. The desorption observed in low temperature cells, on the other hand, which is resonantly dependent on photon energy in the visible light range, is quite similar to light-induced desorption stimulated by localized electronic excitation on metallic aggregates. More detailed studies of light-induced desorption events from surfaces well characterized with respect to alkali coverage-dependent ionicity and aggregate morphology appear highly desirable for the development of more efficient alkali atom sources suitable to improve a variety of atomic physics experiments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Classification of Light-Induced Desorption of Alkali Atoms in Glass Cells Used in Atomic Physics Experiments

Hatakeyama

Wilde

Fukutani

2006

e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotechnol.

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“…Splitting of the Rb 3d peaks resulted from the J = 3/2 and 5/2 doublet. Plasmon loss peaks, which were attributed to photoelectrons that excite the bulk plasmon of metal aggregates [26,28], were not observed, indicating that Rb atoms did not form metal aggregates at room temperature. Plasmon loss peaks were found for Rb deposition at 130 K, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Light-induced atom desorption from glass surfaces characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Kumagai

Hatakeyama

2016

Appl. Phys. B

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the first approximation, but they actually have some interactions with each other and also with the inner surface of the cell walls, which are often made of glass. Specifically, the atom-surface interactions cause undesired effects that cannot be easily understood and controlled, such as broadening and frequency shifts of resonance lines [3,4]. There have been many studies to understand surface-related phenomena in alkali metal vapor cells, such as anti-spinrelaxation coatings [5], surface modification to cause conductivity of cells [6] and stray electric fields [7], testing of several different surface materials for laser traps [8], direct measurements of adsorption/desorption dynamics [9], and measurement of passivation of a surface with alkali metal atoms, called "curing" [10]. However, there have mostly been only indirect studies of surfaces via atoms in the gas phase. Direct characterization of surfaces using standard surface science techniques has been very limited for atomic physics purposes [11].The same is true for studies of light-induced atom desorption [12]. This phenomenon has attracted particular attention in laser cooling and trapping experiments using ultrahigh vacuum cells, into which atoms can be loaded quickly on demand from the surface by LIAD techniques [13,14]. However, most LIAD studies [13,[15][16][17][18][19] focused only on desorbed atoms, and lack of basic knowledge of the surface itself leads to a poor understanding of desorption mechanisms and also some contradictory practical information. For example, one group reported that LIAD from quartz glass is not effective [20], but another loaded a magneto-optical trap in a quartz cell by LIAD [16].Following our previous study [21], we introduce surface analysis for glass surfaces, for which LIAD measurements were then carried out by focusing on differences between vitreous silica (synthetic quartz) and commercial borosilicate glass (Pyrex), which are the most commonly used Abstract We analyzed the surfaces of vitreous silica (quartz) and borosilicate glass (Pyrex) substrates exposed to rubidium (Rb) vapor by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to understand the surface conditions of alkali metal vapor cells. XPS spectra indicated that Rb atoms adopted different bonding states in quartz and Pyrex. Furthermore, Rb atoms in quartz remained in the near-surface region, while they diffused into the bulk in Pyrex. For these characterized surfaces, we measured light-induced atom desorption (LIAD) of Rb atoms. Clear differences in time evolution, photon energy dependence, and substrate temperature dependence were found; the decay of LIAD by continuous ultraviolet irradiation for quartz was faster than that for Pyrex, a monotonic increase in LIAD with increasing photon energy from 1.8 to 4.3 eV was more prominent for quartz, and LIAD from quartz was more efficient at higher temperatures in the range from 300 to 580 K, while that from Pyrex was almost independent of temperature.

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“…The data in systems cannot be ascribed to work function differences since the work functions of both oxides and graphene are all in the range of 4.5 eV -4.8 eV. [24][25][26] We attribute differences in behavior for 14 graphene on the two oxides are to band bending in the oxide at the oxide/C interface. Figure S2) and that this charge transfer is confined to the first graphene layer.…”

Section: Acs Paragon Plus Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation of Graphene Layers on Magnetic Oxides: Co₃O₄(111) and Cr₂O₃(0001) from Theory and Experiment

Beatty

Cheng

Cao

et al. 2016

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

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We report directly grown strongly adherent graphene on Co3O4(111) by carbon molecular beam epitaxy (C MBE) at 850 K and density functional theory (DFT) findings that the first graphene layer is reconstructed to fit the Co3O4 surface, while subsequent layers retain normal graphene structure. This adherence to the Co3O4 structure results from partial bonding of half the carbons to top oxygens of the substrate. This structure is validated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction studies, showing layer-by-layer graphene growth with ∼0.08 electrons/carbon atom transferred to the oxide from the first graphene layer, in agreement with DFT. In contrast, for Cr2O3 DFT finds no strong bonding to the surface and C MBE on Cr2O3(0001) yields only graphite formation at 700 K, with C desorption above 800 K. Thus strong graphene-to-oxide charge transfer aids nucleation of graphene on incommensurate oxide substrates and may have implications for spintronics.

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Adsorption of potassium onCr2O3(0001)at ionic and metallic coverages and uv-l

Cited by 40 publications

References 52 publications

Classification of Light-Induced Desorption of Alkali Atoms in Glass Cells Used in Atomic Physics Experiments

Classification of Light-Induced Desorption of Alkali Atoms in Glass Cells Used in Atomic Physics Experiments

Light-induced atom desorption from glass surfaces characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Nucleation of Graphene Layers on Magnetic Oxides: Co₃O₄(111) and Cr₂O₃(0001) from Theory and Experiment

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Adsorption of potassium onCr2O3(0001)at ionic and metallic coverages and uv-l

Cited by 40 publications

References 52 publications

Classification of Light-Induced Desorption of Alkali Atoms in Glass Cells Used in Atomic Physics Experiments

Classification of Light-Induced Desorption of Alkali Atoms in Glass Cells Used in Atomic Physics Experiments

Light-induced atom desorption from glass surfaces characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Nucleation of Graphene Layers on Magnetic Oxides: Co3O4(111) and Cr2O3(0001) from Theory and Experiment

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Nucleation of Graphene Layers on Magnetic Oxides: Co₃O₄(111) and Cr₂O₃(0001) from Theory and Experiment