Adsorption of saturated fatty acid in urea complexation: Kinetics and equilibrium studies

Setyawardhani, Dwi Ardiana; Sulistyo, Hary; Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi; Fahrurrozi, Mohammad

doi:10.1063/1.5024072

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The urea inclusion technique was also developed for saturated FFA to be adsorbed into urea molecules. It was addressed to separate it from unsaturated ones (Setyawardhani et al, 2015(Setyawardhani et al, , 2018(Setyawardhani et al, , 2019. 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Improvement of Kesambi-Seed Oil using Free Fatty Acids and Hydrogen Cyanide Adsorption

Setyawardhani,

Umpati,

Fahroni

2024

ASEAN J. Chem. Eng.

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Kesambi-seed (Schleichera oleosa) is an Indonesian potential feedstock to produce vegetable oil for energy resources and oleochemicals. Crude Kesambi-seed oil (KSO) contains 8.43% free fatty acids (FFA) and 128 ppm hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which exceeds the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for refined oil. Purification process is needed for crude KSO to be high quality vegetable oil. This study aimed to improve the quality of KSO by reducing the FFA and HCN contents using adsorption. The adsorption equilibrium is also determined to obtain the equilibrium constants. The purification process was developed in 2 steps, i.e., degumming and adsorption. Degumming was developed using 2.5% v/v H3PO4 to separate phospholipids/phosphatides in the crude oil, while adsorption using activated carbon was introduced to reduce the FFA and HCN contents. Kesambi-seed oil purification using activated carbon adsorption could be used as one-step refining for bleaching and reducing FFA and HCN. More adsorbent is needed to reach the FFA standard for the shorter adsorption time. Adsorption using 10% activated carbon for 24 hours reduced hydrogen cyanide up to 36 mg/kg oil, lightened the oil color, and achieved the highest yield (74.62%). Meanwhile, the activated carbon concentration of 40% w/w for 96 hours obtained 0.16% FFA. All three parameters have fulfilled the Indonesian National Standard for refined vegetable oil. Furthermore, the Freundlich model best fits equilibrium adsorption of FFA in the KSO.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Improvement of Kesambi-Seed Oil using Free Fatty Acids and Hydrogen Cyanide Adsorption

Setyawardhani,

Umpati,

Fahroni

2024

ASEAN J. Chem. Eng.

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“…It is based on the capability of SFAs to form complexes with urea in an ethanolic solution, which generates a solid–liquid system. Some previous researches focus on determining optimal conditions to produce the highest concentration and yields of the PUFAs. ,, Urea complexation was also viewed as adsorption phenomena. − It is necessary to provide phase transition data of the SFA–urea–ethanol complexation for process design and optimization in the separation industries. Urea complexation usually applies to fatty acid mixtures, which are obtained from vegetable oil hydrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid–Liquid Equilibrium for Binary and Ternary Phases of Saturated Fatty Acid–Urea–Alcohol in Urea Complexation

et al. 2019

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Urea complexation is a fractionating process to separate poly unsaturated fatty acids from vegetable and animal oil, based on the capability of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) to form complexes with urea in the ethanolic solution, which generates a solid−liquid system. This research determined models which are suitable for the fatty acid, urea, and ethanol/methanol solid−liquid equilibrium. Furthermore, activity coefficients and interaction parameters between the substances involved were evaluated. Pure SFAs were used in this experiment instead of SFAs produced from vegetable oil saponification. Solid-liquid phase diagrams for binary and ternary saturated fatty acid−urea−ethanol were developed. These binary data were used to determine experimental activity coefficients and interaction parameters using thermodynamic models based on excess Gibbs free energy, such as Wohl, Wilson, Margules, and nonrandom two liquid models. The resulting interaction parameters gave a good fitting between experimental data and adjustable or predictive models.

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Modeling of separation of fatty acid methyl esters derived from fisheries waste by urea complexation method

Maruyama

Fukuchi²,

Seki³

2022

Biochemical Engineering Journal

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Adsorption of saturated fatty acid in urea complexation: Kinetics and equilibrium studies

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Quality Improvement of Kesambi-Seed Oil using Free Fatty Acids and Hydrogen Cyanide Adsorption

Quality Improvement of Kesambi-Seed Oil using Free Fatty Acids and Hydrogen Cyanide Adsorption

Solid–Liquid Equilibrium for Binary and Ternary Phases of Saturated Fatty Acid–Urea–Alcohol in Urea Complexation

Modeling of separation of fatty acid methyl esters derived from fisheries waste by urea complexation method

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